Scaria Vinod, Hariharan Manoj, Pillai Beena, Maiti Souvik, Brahmachari Samir K
GN Ramachandran Knowledge Center for Genome Informatics, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, CSIR, Mall Road, Delhi 110 007, India.
Cell Microbiol. 2007 Dec;9(12):2784-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01050.x. Epub 2007 Oct 18.
MicroRNAs are recently discovered small endogenous non-coding RNAs. These small RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotide length are crucial post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in a wide spectrum of normal and abnormal biological processes including antiviral defence, oncogenesis and development in higher eukaryotes. Of late, a number of viruses have also been shown to encode for microRNAs. The host- and virus-encoded microRNAs and their targets together thus form a novel regulatory layer of genetic interactions between the host and the virus. Recent reports have thrown light on this new regulatory layer. A clear understanding of the cross-talk between the host and virus would not only enable us to understand the molecular basis of viral pathogenesis, but also enable us to develop better therapeutic strategies. This review discusses the intricacies of host-virus cross-talk mediated by microRNAs. Recent trends in this field and the challenges that need to be addressed are also discussed.
微小RNA是最近发现的内源性非编码小RNA。这些长度约为22个核苷酸的小RNA是广泛的正常和异常生物学过程（包括高等真核生物中的抗病毒防御、肿瘤发生和发育）中基因表达的关键转录后调节因子。最近，还发现许多病毒可编码微小RNA。因此，宿主和病毒编码的微小RNA及其靶标共同构成了宿主与病毒之间遗传相互作用的新型调节层。最近的报告揭示了这一新的调节层。清楚了解宿主与病毒之间的相互作用不仅能使我们理解病毒发病机制的分子基础，还能使我们制定出更好的治疗策略。本文综述了由微小RNA介导的宿主-病毒相互作用的复杂性。还讨论了该领域的最新趋势以及需要应对的挑战。
