O'Connor Glenda, Hoffnagle Timothy L
La Grande Fish Health Laboratory, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, 219 Badgley Hall, Eastern Oregon University, La Grande, Oregon 97850, USA.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2007 Sep 14;77(2):137-42. doi: 10.3354/dao01839.
Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) caused by Renibacterium salmoninarum (Rs) is a serious problem among Pacific Northwest salmon hatcheries and has raised concerns that salmon reared in hatcheries may spread BKD to natural populations. In order to monitor the potential spread of this disease to salmon spawning in nature, a method must be available to collect and analyze tissues from naturally spawning salmon. Kidney tissue analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the standard method to detect the presence of Rs in salmon sampled in hatcheries. In this study, we tested the validity of using ELISA on kidney tissue collected from intact carcasses recovered on the spawning grounds to monitor BKD in naturally spawning populations by comparing ELISA optical density (OD) values from kidney tissue that was subjected to conditions that simulated decomposition in a carcass and collection during a spawning ground survey with samples freshly collected from salmon at a hatchery. Mean ELISA OD levels were 1.060 for the samples prepared by the normal preparation and 1.115 for samples prepared by simulating spawning ground survey collection. There was no significant difference in mean ELISA OD between the 2 sample preparations and the relationship did not significantly differ from 1:1 (slope = 0.946). This demonstrates that BKD prevalence in natural populations can be monitored using ELISA conducted on samples from intact carcasses recovered on spawning ground surveys. This will be an important tool for monitoring the effect of hatchery supplementation on naturally spawning salmon populations.
由鲑肾杆菌（Rs）引起的细菌性肾病（BKD）是太平洋西北地区鲑鱼孵化场面临的一个严重问题，引发了人们对孵化场养殖的鲑鱼可能将BKD传播到自然种群的担忧。为了监测这种疾病向自然产卵鲑鱼的潜在传播情况，必须有方法来采集和分析自然产卵鲑鱼的组织。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）分析肾脏组织是检测孵化场采样鲑鱼中Rs存在情况的标准方法。在本研究中，我们通过比较来自模拟尸体分解条件下采集的产卵场调查样本以及孵化场新鲜采集的鲑鱼样本的肾脏组织的ELISA光密度（OD）值，测试了对从产卵场回收的完整尸体采集的肾脏组织进行ELISA检测以监测自然产卵种群中BKD的有效性。正常制备的样本的平均ELISA OD水平为1.060，模拟产卵场调查采集制备的样本为1.115。两种样本制备的平均ELISA OD之间没有显著差异，且两者关系与1:1无显著差异（斜率 = 0.946）。这表明可以通过对产卵场调查回收的完整尸体样本进行ELISA检测来监测自然种群中BKD的流行情况。这将是监测孵化场补充对自然产卵鲑鱼种群影响的重要工具。
