Liu Huan, He Kebin, Wang Qidong, Huo Hong, Lents James, Davis Nicole, Nikkila Nick, Chen Changhong, Osses Mauricio, He Chunyu
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2007 Oct;57(10):1172-7. doi: 10.3155/1047-3289.57.10.1172.
Vehicle emission inventory is a critical element for air quality study. This study created systemic methods to establish a vehicle emission inventory in Chinese cities. The methods were used to obtain credible results of vehicle activity in Beijing and Shanghai. On the basis of the vehicle activity data, the International Vehicle Emission model is used to establish vehicle emission inventories. The emissions analysis indicates that 3 t of particulate matter (PM), 199 t of nitrogen oxides (NO(x)), 192 t of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and 2403 t of carbon monoxide (CO) are emitted from on-road vehicles each day in Beijing, whereas 4 t of PM, 189 t of NO(x), 113 t of VOCs, and 1009 t of CO are emitted in Shanghai. Although common features were found in these two cities (many new passenger cars and a high taxi proportion in the fleet), the emission results are dissimilar because of the different local policy regarding vehicles. The method to quantify vehicle emission on an urban scale can be applied to other Chinese cities. Also, knowing how different policies can lead to diverse emissions is beneficial knowledge for other city governments.
车辆排放清单是空气质量研究的关键要素。本研究创建了系统方法来建立中国城市的车辆排放清单。这些方法用于获取北京和上海车辆活动的可靠结果。基于车辆活动数据，使用国际车辆排放模型建立车辆排放清单。排放分析表明，北京道路车辆每天排放3吨颗粒物（PM）、199吨氮氧化物（NO(x)）、192吨挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）和2403吨一氧化碳（CO），而上海则排放4吨PM、189吨NO(x)、113吨VOCs和1009吨CO。尽管这两个城市存在共同特征（许多新乘用车且车队中出租车比例高），但由于车辆相关的地方政策不同，排放结果有所不同。在城市尺度上量化车辆排放的方法可应用于中国其他城市。此外，了解不同政策如何导致不同排放对其他城市政府来说是有益的知识。
