Otto Sarah P
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Cell. 2007 Nov 2;131(3):452-62. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.10.022.
Polyploidization, the addition of a complete set of chromosomes to the genome, represents one of the most dramatic mutations known to occur. Nevertheless, polyploidy is well tolerated in many groups of eukaryotes. Indeed, the majority of flowering plants and vertebrates have descended from polyploid ancestors. This Review examines the short-term effects of polyploidization on cell size, body size, genomic stability, and gene expression and the long-term effects on rates of evolution.
多倍体化，即向基因组中添加一整套染色体，是已知发生的最显著的突变之一。然而，多倍体在许多真核生物类群中具有良好的耐受性。事实上，大多数开花植物和脊椎动物都起源于多倍体祖先。本综述探讨了多倍体化对细胞大小、体型、基因组稳定性和基因表达的短期影响以及对进化速率的长期影响。
