Martín-Burriel Inmaculada, Rodellar Clementina, Lenstra Johannes A, Sanz Arianne, Cons Carmen, Osta Rosarsio, Reta Miguel, De Argüello Santos, Sanz Albina, Zaragoza Pilar
Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
J Hered. 2007 Nov-Dec;98(7):687-91. doi: 10.1093/jhered/esm096. Epub 2007 Nov 5.
Information on the genetic structure and variability of autochthonous livestock breeds is essential for effective conservation programs. Here we present a molecular characterization on the basis of 30 microsatellite markers of 5 Spanish endangered cattle breeds Betizu (BET), Mallorquina (MAL), Menorquina, Monchina (MON), and Serrana de Teruel (ST) and of 2 fighting bull populations, Casta Navarra (CN) and Casta Vistahermosa. The feral and critically endangered BET is divided into 2 subpopulations, one of which has exceptionally low diversity values. A low number of alleles was also observed in the island population MAL. Although the small population size and genetic drift have caused a considerable divergence between the breeds, phylogenetic analysis is in accordance with historical and geographical data. The 2 northern Spanish feral breeds BET and MON cluster together. The local fighting breed CN is relatively close to the more inbred Casta Vistahermosa, which is the progenitor of most other fighting bulls in Spain. Comparison with nonendangered breeds suggests admixture of Alpine and/or Pyrenean mountain cattle in the ST, which may contribute to the high level of linkage disequilibrium in this population.
关于本土家畜品种的遗传结构和变异性的信息对于有效的保护计划至关重要。在此，我们基于30个微卫星标记，对5个西班牙濒危牛品种，即贝蒂祖牛（BET）、马略卡纳牛（MAL）、梅诺尔卡纳牛、蒙奇纳牛（MON）和特鲁埃尔塞拉纳牛（ST），以及2个斗牛种群，即纳瓦拉种牛（CN）和维斯塔埃莫萨种牛，进行了分子特征分析。野生且极度濒危的贝蒂祖牛分为2个亚群，其中一个亚群的多样性值极低。在岛屿种群马略卡纳牛中也观察到等位基因数量较少。尽管种群规模小和遗传漂变导致了这些品种之间存在相当大的差异，但系统发育分析与历史和地理数据一致。西班牙北部的2个野生品种贝蒂祖牛和蒙奇纳牛聚在一起。当地的斗牛品种纳瓦拉种牛与近亲繁殖程度更高的维斯塔埃莫萨种牛相对接近，而维斯塔埃莫萨种牛是西班牙大多数其他斗牛的祖先。与非濒危品种的比较表明，特鲁埃尔塞拉纳牛中有阿尔卑斯山和/或比利牛斯山牛的混合血统，这可能导致了该种群中高水平的连锁不平衡。
