Collier G, Johnson D F, Stanziola C
Department of Psychology, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick 08903.
Physiol Behav. 1991 Dec;50(6):1221-6. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(91)90586-d.
Two environmental features often associated are a shortage of water and an excess of electrolytes. We explored the economics of this situation by jointly manipulating the instrumental cost of consuming water and the amount of salt in the diet of rats. As the dietary salt increased, water intake increased; and as water cost increased, water intake fell. Food intake also declined as water cost increased, and the rats maintained a minimum ratio of water: salt consumed across all conditions. For all diets, as water intake fell, food intake and body weight also declined, perhaps defending the ratio of body water to lean body mass. There was no evidence that the slope of the demand curve for water changed as a function of dietary salt.
两种经常相关的环境特征是缺水和电解质过量。我们通过共同控制大鼠饮水的工具性成本和饮食中的盐量来探究这种情况的经济学原理。随着饮食中盐分增加，水摄入量增加；随着饮水成本增加，水摄入量下降。随着饮水成本增加，食物摄入量也下降，并且大鼠在所有条件下都维持着最低的水与盐摄入比例。对于所有饮食，随着水摄入量下降，食物摄入量和体重也下降，这可能是为了维持身体水分与瘦体重的比例。没有证据表明水的需求曲线斜率会随着饮食中的盐分而变化。
