Huber M, Olson W C, Trkola A
Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2008;317:39-66. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-72146-8_2.
Monoclonal antibodies are routinely used as therapeutics in a number of disease settings and have thus also been explored as potential treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. Antibodies targeting viral antigens, and those directed to the cellular receptors, have been considered for use in prevention and therapy. For virus-targeted antibodies, attention has focused primarily on their neutralizing activity, but such antibodies also have the potential to exert antiviral effects via effector functions, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), opsonization, or complement activation. Anti-cell antibodies act through occlusion or down-modulation of the viral receptors with notable impact in vivo, as recent trials have shown. This review summarizes the diverse specificities and modes of action of therapeutic antibodies against HIV-1 infection. Successes, challenges, and future opportunities of harnessing antibodies for therapy of HIV-1 infection are discussed.
单克隆抗体在多种疾病治疗中被常规使用，因此也被探索作为人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）感染的潜在治疗方法。靶向病毒抗原的抗体以及针对细胞受体的抗体已被考虑用于预防和治疗。对于靶向病毒的抗体，主要关注其中和活性，但这类抗体也有可能通过效应功能发挥抗病毒作用，如抗体依赖性细胞毒性（ADCC）、调理作用或补体激活。如最近的试验所示，抗细胞抗体通过阻断或下调病毒受体发挥作用，在体内有显著影响。本综述总结了针对HIV-1感染的治疗性抗体的不同特异性和作用方式。讨论了利用抗体治疗HIV-1感染的成功之处、挑战和未来机遇。
