Acute renal failure in visceral leishmaniasis.

We describe the case of a 33-year-old male patient with an acute visceral leishmaniasis (Leishmania donovani) associated with an acute renal failure. The clinical manifestations were dominated by fever, oliguric renal failure and hepatic alterations. Serum C3 and C4 fractions of complement were decreased, and a renal biopsy demonstrated an interstitial nephritis with no glomerular involvement. The clinical course was favorable with recuperation of renal function without sequels.