Lee Chung Yul, Lee Gyu Young, Ahn Yang Heui, Lee Hyeon Kyeong
College of Nursing, Nursing Policy Research Institute, Yonsei University, Korea.
Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2007 Oct;37(6):986-93. doi: 10.4040/jkan.2007.37.6.986.
The purpose of this study was to compare stress levels of elementary students according to three regional levels: a large city, a medium-sized city, and a rural area.
This was a descriptive comparative survey using a convenience sample of 1,161 5th-and 6th-grade students. The stress level was measured by a stress scale that consisted of 65 items regarding personal characteristics, family, school, and peer factors. The data were analyzed by chi2-test, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression using the SPSS 10.0 statistical program.
Overall, the mean stress scores reported by the participants were near the middle of a 5-point scale and the level of family-related stress was highest, followed by peer, school, and individual-related stress. Sixth-graders and female students showed higher stress levels than 5th-graders and male students, respectively. The participants reporting unsatisfaction with their lives and those living in large cities tended to have significantly higher stress levels.
Grade, gender, life satisfaction, and regional levels were all significant factors associated with high stress levels among elementary students. Development of stress management programs for this specific population, especially targeting students who are female and living in large cities, is needed.
本研究旨在根据三种区域水平（大城市、中等城市和农村地区）比较小学生的压力水平。
这是一项描述性比较调查，使用了1161名五、六年级学生的便利样本。压力水平通过一个由65个关于个人特征、家庭、学校和同伴因素的项目组成的压力量表来测量。数据使用SPSS 10.0统计程序进行卡方检验、t检验、方差分析和多元回归分析。
总体而言，参与者报告的平均压力得分接近5分量表的中间值，与家庭相关的压力水平最高，其次是同伴、学校和个人相关的压力。六年级学生和女生的压力水平分别高于五年级学生和男生。报告对生活不满意的参与者以及生活在大城市的参与者往往压力水平显著更高。
年级、性别、生活满意度和区域水平都是与小学生高压力水平相关的重要因素。需要为这一特定人群制定压力管理计划，特别是针对女生和生活在大城市的学生。
