Key T J, Spencer E A
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 Dec;61 Suppl 1:S112-21. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602941.
To assess the epidemiological evidence on dietary carbohydrates and the risk of developing cancer.
Review of published studies, concentrating on recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large prospective studies.
Carbohydrates have not been intensively investigated in epidemiological studies of diet and cancer. There is a moderately large amount of data on the possible association between dietary fibre and the risk for colorectal cancer; the results of studies have varied and no firm conclusion can be drawn, but the available data suggest that high intakes of dietary fibre possibly reduce the risk for colorectal cancer. There are also limited data which suggest that high intakes of sucrose might increase the risk for colorectal cancer and that high intakes of lactose might increase the risk for ovarian cancer. For other components of carbohydrates and other types of cancer, the available data are too sparse to draw even tentative conclusions. Further research is needed on the possible associations of carbohydrates with cancer risk.
评估关于膳食碳水化合物与患癌风险的流行病学证据。
回顾已发表的研究，重点关注近期的系统评价、荟萃分析和大型前瞻性研究。
在饮食与癌症的流行病学研究中，碳水化合物尚未得到深入研究。关于膳食纤维与结直肠癌风险之间可能存在的关联，有相当多的数据；研究结果各不相同，无法得出确凿结论，但现有数据表明，高膳食纤维摄入量可能会降低结直肠癌风险。也有有限的数据表明，高蔗糖摄入量可能会增加结直肠癌风险，高乳糖摄入量可能会增加卵巢癌风险。对于碳水化合物的其他成分以及其他类型的癌症，现有数据过于稀少，甚至无法得出初步结论。需要进一步研究碳水化合物与癌症风险之间可能存在的关联。
