Bylsma Lauren M, Morris Bethany H, Rottenberg Jonathan
Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2008 Apr;28(4):676-91. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.10.001. Epub 2007 Oct 11.
Three alternative views regarding how Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) alters emotional reactivity have been featured in the literature: positive attenuation (reduced positive reactivity), negative potentiation (increased negative reactivity), and emotion context insensitivity (ECI; reduced positive and negative reactivity). Although empirical studies have accumulated on emotional reactivity in MDD, this report is to our knowledge the first systematic quantitative review of this topic area. In omnibus analyses of 19 laboratory studies comparing the emotional reactivity of healthy individuals to that of individuals with MDD, MDD was characterized by reduced emotional reactivity to both positively and negatively valenced stimuli, with the reduction larger for positive stimuli (d=-.53) than for negative stimuli (d=-.25). Results were similar when 3 major emotion response systems (self-reported experience, expressive behavior, and peripheral physiology) were analyzed individually. The ECI view of emotional reactivity in MDD is well supported by laboratory data. Implications for the understanding of emotions in MDD are discussed.
关于重度抑郁症（MDD）如何改变情绪反应性，文献中出现了三种不同观点：积极减弱（积极反应性降低）、消极增强（消极反应性增加）和情绪情境不敏感（ECI；积极和消极反应性降低）。尽管已有关于MDD情绪反应性的实证研究积累，但据我们所知，本报告是对该主题领域的首次系统定量综述。在对19项比较健康个体与MDD个体情绪反应性的实验室研究进行的综合分析中，MDD的特征是对正性和负性效价刺激的情绪反应性均降低，其中对正性刺激的降低幅度（d = -0.53）大于对负性刺激的降低幅度（d = -0.25）。对三个主要情绪反应系统（自我报告的体验、表达行为和外周生理）进行单独分析时，结果相似。MDD情绪反应性的ECI观点得到了实验室数据的有力支持。本文还讨论了这些结果对理解MDD情绪的意义。
