Zhu Changfu, Naqvi Shaista, Gomez-Galera Sonia, Pelacho Ana M, Capell Teresa, Christou Paul
Universitat de Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
Trends Plant Sci. 2007 Dec;12(12):548-55. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2007.09.007. Epub 2007 Nov 19.
The nutrients in the human diet ultimately come from plants. However, all our major food crops lack certain essential vitamins and minerals. Although a varied diet provides adequate nutrition, much of the human population, particularly in developing countries, relies on staple crops, such as rice or maize, which does not provide the full complement of essential nutrients. Malnutrition is a significant public health issue in most of the developing world. One way to address this problem is through the enhancement of staple crops to increase their essential nutrient content. Here, we review the current strategies for the biofortification of crops, including mineral fertilization and conventional breeding but focusing on transgenic approaches which offer the most rapid way to develop high-nutrient commercial cultivars.
人类饮食中的营养最终都来自植物。然而，我们所有的主要粮食作物都缺乏某些必需的维生素和矿物质。尽管多样化的饮食能提供充足的营养，但世界上许多人口，尤其是发展中国家的人口，依赖于主食作物，如大米或玉米，而这些作物并不能提供全部必需营养素。营养不良在大多数发展中世界都是一个重大的公共卫生问题。解决这个问题的一个方法是改良主食作物，以增加其必需营养素含量。在此，我们综述了目前作物生物强化的策略，包括矿物施肥和传统育种，但重点是转基因方法，这是培育高营养商业品种最快捷的途径。
