Kornegay J N
College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606.
Probl Vet Med. 1991 Sep;3(3):426-39.
Certain diseases do not consistently affect a single area of the nervous system and, in fact, may cause concomitant multifocal involvement. Depending on the area of the nervous system affected, these diseases may cause a wide spectrum of neurologic problems and therefore must be included in the differential diagnosis for most problems discussed previously. Diseases causing multifocal lesions should especially be suspected when there are concomitant neurologic deficits that cannot be localized to a single site. An example would be a cat with seizures and paraparesis without thoracic limb involvement, in which case separate lesions affecting the forebrain and thoracolumbar spinal cord would be suspected. Inflammatory neurologic diseases most commonly cause lesions at multiple sites and will be discussed here. These conditions frequently cause concomitant systemic disease. Additional disease categories that may cause multifocal lesions, and are somewhat more likely to result in strict neurologic disease, are discussed in Multiple Neurologic Deficits: Non-infectious Diseases (page 440).
某些疾病并非始终只影响神经系统的单一区域，事实上，可能会导致同时出现多灶性受累。根据受影响的神经系统区域不同，这些疾病可能会引发广泛的神经问题，因此在之前讨论的大多数问题的鉴别诊断中都必须考虑到它们。当同时存在无法定位于单一部位的神经功能缺损时，尤其应怀疑是导致多灶性病变的疾病。例如，一只患有癫痫和后肢轻瘫但前肢未受累的猫，在这种情况下，应怀疑分别有影响前脑和胸腰段脊髓的不同病变。炎症性神经疾病最常导致多部位病变，将在本文中进行讨论。这些病症常常会同时引发全身性疾病。在《多重神经功能缺损：非感染性疾病》（第440页）中讨论了其他可能导致多灶性病变且更有可能导致单纯神经疾病的疾病类别。
