Quesnel A D, Parent J M, McDonell W, Percy D, Lumsden J H
Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Canada.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997 Jan 1;210(1):65-71.
To investigate causes of seizure disorders in cats.
Case series.
30 cats referred to the Ontario Veterinary College for recurrent seizures.
Signalment and seizure pattern were evaluated. Diagnostic procedures included physical, neurologic, and fundic examinations; CBC; serum biochemical analyses, including determination of pre- and postprandial bile acid concentrations; urinalysis; serologic assays for FeLV and feline immunodeficiency virus, feline infectious peritonitis, and Toxoplasma gondii, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain; CSF analysis; and neuropathologic examination of euthanatized cats and of surgical biopsy specimens.
All cats were found to have structural brain diseases; nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis of unknown cause was found in 14 cats, feline ischemic encephalopathy in 6, meningioma in 2, polycythemia vera with secondary brain lesions in 2, posttraumatic epilepsy in 1, and cerebral abscess in 1. A definitive diagnosis could not be reached in 4 cats.
The most common cause of seizures in cats is structural brain disease. Structural brain lesions often can be detected on the basis of seizure pattern and results of neurologic examination. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and brain imaging are essential to determine the cause of these lesions. Causes of seizures found in the cats of this study differ from those reported to be the most common. Nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis of unknown origin appears to be a frequent cause of neurologic disorders in cats, including seizure disorders. Feline ischemic encephalopathy appears to exist in a milder form than the classic disease and may be a common cause of seizures in cats.
调查猫癫痫发作障碍的病因。
病例系列研究。
30只因反复癫痫发作转诊至安大略兽医学院的猫。
评估动物的特征和癫痫发作模式。诊断程序包括体格检查、神经学检查和眼底检查；全血细胞计数；血清生化分析，包括测定餐前和餐后胆汁酸浓度；尿液分析；检测猫白血病病毒、猫免疫缺陷病毒、猫传染性腹膜炎和弓形虫的血清学检测；脑部磁共振成像；脑脊液分析；以及对安乐死猫和手术活检标本进行神经病理学检查。
所有猫均被发现患有脑部结构性疾病；14只猫患有病因不明的非化脓性脑膜脑炎，6只患有猫缺血性脑病，2只患有脑膜瘤，2只患有真性红细胞增多症伴继发性脑部病变，1只患有创伤后癫痫，1只患有脑脓肿。4只猫无法做出明确诊断。
猫癫痫发作最常见的病因是脑部结构性疾病。脑部结构性病变通常可根据癫痫发作模式和神经学检查结果检测出来。脑脊液分析和脑部成像对于确定这些病变的病因至关重要。本研究中猫癫痫发作的病因与报道的最常见病因不同。病因不明的非化脓性脑膜脑炎似乎是猫神经疾病（包括癫痫发作障碍）的常见病因。猫缺血性脑病似乎比经典疾病的形式更为轻微，可能是猫癫痫发作的常见病因。
