Heese A, van Hintzenstern J, Peters K P, Koch H U, Hornstein O P
Department of Dermatology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, FRG.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991 Nov;25(5 Pt 1):831-9. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(08)80977-2.
Delayed-type allergies account for most reactions to gloves. These have been found in 32 of 39 patients (82%) attending our department with occupationally induced contact dermatitis to gloves. Accelerators, mainly of the thiuram group, antioxidants, vulcanizers, organic pigments, and, presumably, glove powder ingredients are known responsible allergens. In contrast, immediate-type allergies to rubber gloves were less frequent (13 of 39 patients [33%] with occupationally induced glove allergies). They usually present as contact urticaria. Responsible allergens are latex, glove powder, and accelerators. On the basis of the numerous glove-related allergens, a comprehensive schedule of diagnostic tests is proposed. In addition, we introduce a new classification of hypoallergenic gloves according to their basic materials and ingredients and thus provide a guideline for individual therapy.
迟发型过敏反应是手套引发的大多数反应的原因。在我们科室就诊的39例因职业性接触性皮炎而对手套过敏的患者中，有32例（82%）出现了此类反应。促进剂（主要是秋兰姆类）、抗氧化剂、硫化剂、有机颜料以及推测的手套粉末成分是已知的致敏原。相比之下，对橡胶手套的速发型过敏反应较少见（39例职业性手套过敏患者中有13例[33%]）。它们通常表现为接触性荨麻疹。致敏原是乳胶、手套粉末和促进剂。基于众多与手套相关的致敏原，提出了一份全面的诊断测试方案。此外，我们根据低敏手套的基本材料和成分引入了一种新的分类方法，从而为个体化治疗提供指导。
