Dunkley C S, McReynolds J L, Dunkley K D, Njongmeta L N, Berghman L R, Kubena L F, Nisbet D J, Ricke S C
Texas A&M University, Department of Poultry Science, College Station 77843-2472, USA.
Poult Sci. 2007 Dec;86(12):2502-8. doi: 10.3382/ps.2006-00401.
Immunological responses of molting hens either infected or not infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis were compared in 2 trials with Single Comb White Leghorn hens >50 wk old. The hens were placed into 6 treatment groups with 12 hens per group: nonmolted Salmonella Enteritidis positive (FF+), non-molted Salmonella Enteritidis negative (FF-), feed withdrawal Salmonella Enteritidis positive (FW+), FW Salmonella Enteritidis negative (FW-), alfalfa Salmonella Enteritidis positive (ALC+), and ALC Salmonella Enteritidis negative (ALC-). Each hen in the Salmonella Enteritidis-positive groups was challenged on d 4 of the study with 1 mL of 10(6)-cfu Salmonella Enteritidis, and diets were administered for 12 d. Blood samples were collected on d 2, 5, 9, and 12, and blood smears were enumerated for heterophil to lymphocyte (H:L) ratios. Serum samples were also analyzed for alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) levels and antibody level. On d 12, hens were euthanized and bile samples from the gall bladder and sections of the ileum and the ceca were collected, and an ELISA was used to determine the intestinal, serum, and bile antibody responses. The FW+ hens produced more (P <or= 0.05) cecal IgA than hens in all the other treatments except the FW-hens in trial 2. Bile IgA production in all Salmonella Enteritidis-positive groups was higher (P <or= 0.05) than in the Salmonella Enteritidis-negative groups, with the exception of the ALC- hens. In trial 1 on d 5, FW+ hens produced less (P <or= 0.05) serum IgG than ALC-, FF-, and FW- hens but not FF+ and ALC+ hens, whereas in trial 2, only FW- hens had lower IgG levels than FW+ hens. On d 9, FW groups exhibited increases in the H:L ratios, but on d 12, these declined to levels more similar to the other treatments. The FW hen groups yielded generally higher AGP levels compared with the other treatments on d 9 and 12 in both trials. The ALC molt diets appeared to reduce stress and inflammation, based on the H:L ratios and AGP levels in the serum, when compared with FW-molted hens.
在两项试验中，对50周龄以上的单冠白来航母鸡进行了比较，以研究感染或未感染肠炎沙门氏菌的换羽母鸡的免疫反应。将母鸡分为6个处理组，每组12只：未换羽的肠炎沙门氏菌阳性组（FF+）、未换羽的肠炎沙门氏菌阴性组（FF-）、饥饿换羽的肠炎沙门氏菌阳性组（FW+）、饥饿换羽的肠炎沙门氏菌阴性组（FW-）、苜蓿换羽的肠炎沙门氏菌阳性组（ALC+）和苜蓿换羽的肠炎沙门氏菌阴性组（ALC-）。在研究的第4天，对肠炎沙门氏菌阳性组的每只母鸡用1 mL含10(6) cfu肠炎沙门氏菌进行攻毒，并给予日粮12天。在第2、5、9和12天采集血样，计数血涂片上的嗜异性粒细胞与淋巴细胞（H:L）比值。还分析血清样本中的α(1)-酸性糖蛋白（AGP）水平和抗体水平。在第12天，对母鸡实施安乐死，收集胆囊胆汁样本以及回肠和盲肠部分样本，并用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测定肠道、血清和胆汁抗体反应。除试验2中的FW-组母鸡外，FW+组母鸡产生的盲肠IgA比所有其他处理组的母鸡更多（P≤0.05）。除ALC-组母鸡外，所有肠炎沙门氏菌阳性组的胆汁IgA产量均高于肠炎沙门氏菌阴性组（P≤0.05）。在试验1的第5天，FW+组母鸡产生的血清IgG比ALC-组、FF-组和FW-组母鸡少（P≤0.05），但比FF+组和ALC+组母鸡多；而在试验2中，只有FW-组母鸡的IgG水平低于FW+组母鸡。在第9天，FW组的H:L比值升高，但在第12天，这些比值下降到与其他处理组更相似的水平。在两项试验的第9天和第12天，与其他处理组相比，FW组母鸡的AGP水平总体上更高。与饥饿换羽的母鸡相比，基于血清中的H:L比值和AGP水平，苜蓿换羽日粮似乎能减轻应激和炎症。
