Transvaginal imaging and the infertility patient.

A historical perspective and the physics and application of transvaginal imaging (TVI) for infertility investigation are presented. Pelvic anatomy, ovarian physiology, and reproductive endocrine changes as they relate to TVI for infertility processes are correlated with TVI. The transvaginal ultrasound approach for imaging reproductive organs in the management and investigation of infertility and early pregnancy is generally superior to others presently used and will play an increasingly important role in the future.