Unalp Aycan, Dirik Eray, Kurul Semra
Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
Pediatr Int. 2007 Dec;49(6):943-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2007.02484.x.
The majority of previous studies on headache in children and adolescents have focused mainly on migraine. There is a paucity of population-based studies investigating the prevalence of tension-type headache (TTH). The objectives of the present study were to estimate the prevalence of migraine and TTH in adolescents using the 2004 International Headache Society (IHS) criteria and to determine the sociodemographic and clinical differences between the migraine and TTH.
Stratified group sampling was used in the present analytic, school-based, cross-sectional study. From the city of Izmir, 2384 students aged 14-18 years were invited to complete a questionnaire.
Migraine was found to be more common than TTH (21.3% vs 5.1%). The prevalence increased considerably to 29.9 and 15%, respectively, when the criteria defining the number and duration of headaches were excluded. All types of headaches were more frequent in female subjects but no significant difference was found in gender between the headache groups (P= 0.073). Headache in temples, number of siblings (more than one sibling), mother's and father's education (at least high school graduation) were more commonly seen in students with TTH. Absenteeism rate due to the headache was found to be higher in the migraine group than in the TTH group (P= 0.000).
Migraine and TTH were found to be common types of headaches in adolescents. It was thought that, with the use of modified IHS criteria, the number of undiagnosed patients with headache will decrease.
先前关于儿童和青少年头痛的大多数研究主要集中在偏头痛。基于人群的紧张型头痛（TTH）患病率研究较少。本研究的目的是使用2004年国际头痛协会（IHS）标准估计青少年偏头痛和TTH的患病率，并确定偏头痛和TTH之间的社会人口统计学和临床差异。
在本分析性、基于学校的横断面研究中采用分层分组抽样。从伊兹密尔市邀请了2384名14 - 18岁的学生填写问卷。
发现偏头痛比TTH更常见（21.3%对5.1%）。当排除定义头痛次数和持续时间的标准时，患病率分别大幅上升至29.9%和15%。所有类型的头痛在女性受试者中更常见，但头痛组之间在性别上无显著差异（P = 0.073）。TTH学生中更常见太阳穴头痛、兄弟姐妹数量（不止一个兄弟姐妹）、母亲和父亲的教育程度（至少高中毕业）。发现偏头痛组因头痛导致的缺勤率高于TTH组（P = 0.000）。
偏头痛和TTH是青少年常见的头痛类型。据认为，使用修改后的IHS标准，未确诊的头痛患者数量将减少。
