Bierhals Isabel Oliveira, de Oliveira Gabriel Santana Pereira, Santos Iná S, Halal Camila S, Tovo-Rodrigues Luciana, Matijasevich Alicia, Barros Fernando C
Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Sleep Med X. 2023 Jul 8;6:100079. doi: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2023.100079. eCollection 2023 Dec 15.
To investigate the cross-sectional association between sleep problems (the exposure) and headaches (the outcome) among 15-year-olds from the Pelotas 2004 Birth Cohort, a population-based study in the south of Brazil.
The occurrence of headaches was obtained through the question: "Do you usually suffer headaches?" and the ICHD-3 criteria were used to classify as: tension-type headache, headache with characteristics of migraine with or without aura, or other. Regarding sleep, the weekly frequency in the last month of insomnia and bad dreams/nightmares, and self-reported sleep quality were investigated. Unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Poisson regression with robust variance.
A total of 1916 adolescents were analyzed. The prevalence of headaches was 51.6% (69.0% in females and 34.8% in males): 31.8% (39.7% vs. 24.1%) reported tension-type headache; 14.7% (21.9% vs. 7.8%), headaches with characteristics of migraines without aura; 3.6%, headaches with characteristics of migraines with aura; and 1.5% (5.1% vs. 2.3%), other types. Adolescents with insomnia ≥3 times/week presented higher probability of headaches (PR = 1.54; 95%CI 1.23-1.93), compared with those with no problems falling asleep or maintaining sleep. Among those who classified their sleep as poor/very poor, the probability of headaches was 33% higher (PR = 1.33; 95%CI 1.13-1.57) than among those who classified their sleep as very good.
Headaches were highly prevalent among the adolescents and were related to sleep problems even after allowing for several confounders.
在巴西南部一项基于人群的佩洛塔斯2004年出生队列研究中，调查15岁青少年睡眠问题（暴露因素）与头痛（结果）之间的横断面关联。
通过“你通常会头痛吗？”这一问题获取头痛的发生情况，并使用国际头痛疾病分类第三版（ICHD - 3）标准将其分类为：紧张型头痛、有或无先兆偏头痛特征的头痛或其他类型。关于睡眠，调查了过去一个月失眠、噩梦/梦魇的每周发生频率以及自我报告的睡眠质量。使用稳健方差的泊松回归计算未调整和调整后的患病率比（PR）及95%置信区间。
共分析了1916名青少年。头痛的患病率为51.6%（女性为69.0%，男性为34.8%）：31.8%（女性为39.7%，男性为24.1%）报告为紧张型头痛；14.7%（女性为21.9%，男性为7.8%）为无先兆偏头痛特征的头痛；3.6%为有先兆偏头痛特征的头痛；1.5%（女性为5.1%，男性为2.3%）为其他类型。每周失眠≥3次的青少年出现头痛的可能性更高（PR = 1.54；95%CI 1.23 - 1.93），与入睡或维持睡眠无问题的青少年相比。在将自己的睡眠评为差/非常差的青少年中，头痛的可能性比将睡眠评为非常好的青少年高33%（PR = 1.33；95%CI 1.13 - 1.57）。
头痛在青少年中非常普遍，即使考虑了多个混杂因素后，仍与睡眠问题有关。
