Martín R, Heilig G H J, Zoetendal E G, Smidt H, Rodríguez J M
Departament of Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
J Appl Microbiol. 2007 Dec;103(6):2638-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03497.x.
To evaluate the diversity of the Lactobacillus group in breast milk and the vagina of healthy women and understand their potential role in the infant gut colonization using the 16S rRNA gene approaches.
Samples of breast milk, vaginal swabs and infant faeces were aseptically collected from five mothers whose neonates were born by vaginal delivery and another five that had their babies by caesarean section. After polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using Lactobacillus group-specific primers, amplicons were analysed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Clone libraries were constructed to describe the Lactobacillus group diversity. DGGE fingerprints were not related to the delivery method. None of the species detected in vaginal samples were found in breast milk-derived libraries and only few were detected in infant faeces.
The bacterial composition of breast milk and infant faeces is not related to the delivery method.
It has been suggested that neonates acquire lactobacilli by oral contamination with vaginal strains during delivery; subsequently, newborns would transmit such bacteria to the breast during breastfeeding. However, our findings confirm, at the molecular level that in contrast to the maternal vagina, breast milk seems to constitute a good source of lactobacilli to the infant gut.
采用16S rRNA基因方法评估健康女性母乳和阴道中乳酸菌菌群的多样性，并了解它们在婴儿肠道定植中的潜在作用。
从5名经阴道分娩新生儿的母亲以及另外5名剖宫产分娩的母亲中无菌采集母乳、阴道拭子和婴儿粪便样本。使用乳酸菌属特异性引物进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增后，通过变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）分析扩增产物。构建克隆文库以描述乳酸菌属的多样性。DGGE指纹图谱与分娩方式无关。在母乳来源的文库中未发现阴道样本中检测到的任何菌种，且在婴儿粪便中仅检测到少数几种。
母乳和婴儿粪便的细菌组成与分娩方式无关。
有人提出新生儿在分娩过程中通过口腔沾染阴道菌株而获得乳酸菌；随后，新生儿会在母乳喂养期间将此类细菌传播至乳房。然而，我们的研究结果在分子水平上证实，与母体阴道不同，母乳似乎是婴儿肠道乳酸菌的良好来源。
