Caspers Kristin, Yucuis Rebecca, Troutman Beth, Arndt Stephan, Langbehn Douglas
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
Attach Hum Dev. 2007 Dec;9(4):375-91. doi: 10.1080/14616730701711581.
This study extends existing research investigating sibling concordance on attachment by examining concordance for adult attachment in a sample of 126 genetically unrelated sibling pairs. The Adult Attachment Interview (George, Kaplan, & Main, 1985; Main, Goldwyn, & Hesse, 2003) was used to assess states of mind with regard to attachment. The average age of the participants was 39 years old. The distribution of attachment classifications was independent of adoptive status. Attachment concordance rates were unassociated with gender concordance and sibling age difference. Concordance for autonomous/non-autonomous classifications was significant at 61% as was concordance for primary classifications at 53%. The concordance rate for not-unresolved/unresolved was non-significant at 67%. Our findings demonstrate similarity of working models of attachment between siblings independent of genetic relatedness between siblings and generations (i.e., parent and child). These findings extend previous research by further implicating shared environment as a major influence on sibling similarities on organized patterns of attachment in adulthood. The non-significant concordance for the unresolved classification suggests that unresolved loss or trauma may be less influenced by shared environment and more likely to be influenced by post-childhood experiences or genetic factors.
本研究通过对126对无血缘关系的成年兄弟姐妹样本进行成人依恋一致性研究，扩展了现有关于兄弟姐妹依恋一致性的研究。采用成人依恋访谈（George、Kaplan和Main，1985年；Main、Goldwyn和Hesse，2003年）来评估依恋方面的心理状态。参与者的平均年龄为39岁。依恋分类的分布与收养状况无关。依恋一致性比率与性别一致性和兄弟姐妹年龄差异无关。自主/非自主分类的一致性为61%，主要分类的一致性为53%，均具有显著性。未解决/未解决分类的一致性比率为67%，无显著性。我们的研究结果表明，兄弟姐妹之间依恋工作模式的相似性与兄弟姐妹之间以及代际之间（即父母与子女）的遗传关系无关。这些发现扩展了先前的研究，进一步表明共享环境是成年期兄弟姐妹在有组织的依恋模式上相似性的主要影响因素。未解决分类的非显著一致性表明，未解决的丧失或创伤可能受共享环境的影响较小，而更可能受童年后经历或遗传因素的影响。
