Rusu M C
The Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Bucharest, Romania. anatomon@@gmail.com
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2007 Nov;66(4):303-6.
The primitive right sinuatrial valve persists in humans as the crista terminalis, the valve of the inferior vena cava and the valve of the coronary sinus, while according to the known data the primitive left sinuatrial valve is supposed to have no derivatives. Ten human right atria were opened with intercaval incisions and the precaval segment of each crista terminalis was studied macroscopically. Three specimens did not present any peculiarities at this level, but the other 7 had sagittal muscle bundles and supernumerary valves in individual arrangements. Supernumerary valves were present in 2 specimens, one complete and the second fenestrated; these valves were located immediately below the superior vena cava orifice and covered the medial end of the crista terminalis. The supernumerary valves at the superior vena cava orifice may be termed, mirroring that of the inferior vena cava, "valves of the superior vena cava". Their exact frequency of occurrence and their embryonic precursors must be further established. The presence of such valves in the right atrium may interfere with the flow to the right side of the heart, may represent conditions for thrombotic changes and may disturb a central venous catheter placement. If present, the valve of the superior vena cava will also interfere with the catheter ablation procedures used for supraventricular tachycardia.
原始右窦房瓣在人类中留存为界嵴、下腔静脉瓣和冠状窦瓣，而根据已知数据，原始左窦房瓣被认为没有衍生物。对10例人类右心房进行腔间切口打开，并对每个界嵴的前腔静脉段进行宏观研究。3个标本在此层面未呈现任何特殊之处，但其他7个标本有矢状肌束和数量多余的瓣膜，且排列各异。2个标本存在多余瓣膜，一个完整，另一个有小孔；这些瓣膜位于上腔静脉口下方紧邻处，覆盖界嵴的内侧端。上腔静脉口处的多余瓣膜可仿照下腔静脉的瓣膜，称为“上腔静脉瓣”。其确切的发生率及其胚胎起源必须进一步确定。右心房中存在此类瓣膜可能会干扰血液流向心脏右侧，可能代表血栓形成变化的条件，并且可能会妨碍中心静脉导管的放置。如果存在上腔静脉瓣，还会干扰用于室上性心动过速的导管消融手术
