Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Anat. 2019 May;234(5):583-591. doi: 10.1111/joa.12962. Epub 2019 Mar 12.
The sinus venosus is a cardiac chamber upstream of the right atrium that harbours the dominant cardiac pacemaker. During human heart development, the sinus venosus becomes incorporated into the right atrium. However, from the literature it is not possible to deduce the characteristics and importance of this process of incorporation, due to inconsistent terminology and definitions in the description of multiple lines of evidence. We reviewed the literature regarding the incorporation of the sinus venosus and included novel electrophysiological data. Most mammals that have an incorporated sinus venosus show a loss of a functional valve guard of the superior caval vein together with a loss of the electrical sinuatrial delay between the sinus venosus and the right atrium. However, these processes are not necessarily intertwined and in a few species only the sinuatrial delay may be lost. Sinus venosus incorporation can be characterised as the loss of the sinuatrial delay of which the anatomical and molecular underpinnings are not yet understood.
静脉窦是位于右心房上游的一个心腔，是主要的心脏起搏器所在部位。在人类心脏发育过程中，静脉窦被纳入右心房。然而，由于在描述多种证据线时术语和定义不一致，从文献中无法推断出这种纳入过程的特征和重要性。我们回顾了有关静脉窦纳入的文献，并纳入了新的电生理数据。大多数具有纳入静脉窦的哺乳动物，其上腔静脉的功能性瓣状保护结构丧失，同时静脉窦和右心房之间的电窦房延迟丧失。然而，这些过程不一定交织在一起，在一些物种中，只有窦房延迟可能会丧失。静脉窦纳入可定义为窦房延迟的丧失，其解剖学和分子基础尚不清楚。
