Andresen E, Rollins N C, Sturm A W, Conana N, Greiner T
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Trop Pediatr. 2007 Dec;53(6):409-14. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmm059. Epub 2007 Dec 6.
To examine the safety of formula feeds used by mothers participating in a Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) programme, contents of 94 feeding bottles collected at a PMTCT-clinic were analysed. An additional 17 samples were taken from already prepared feeds during home visits, as well as 21 samples from bottles prepared under observation. Living conditions and educational levels were overall good and mothers had been counselled on safe formula preparation. Samples were analysed for faecal bacteria, using Escherichia coli and Enterococcus sp. as indicators. Protein concentration was used as an indicator of concentration of the formula. Out of 94, 63 (67%) of samples obtained at the clinic and 13/16 (81%) of available home samples were contaminated with faecal bacteria, compared to 8/21 (38%) of those prepared under observation. Out of 94, 58 (62%) of the clinic samples containing E. coli and 23/94 (24%) of those containing Enterococcus sp. were contaminated with more than the US government recommended limit of 10 CFU/ml. Out of 94, 26 (28%) of samples obtained at the clinic, 8/17 (47%) of home samples and 3/21 (14%) of those prepared under observation were over-diluted, compared to standards. Many mothers did not follow recommended practices in preparing and feeding the bottles.
为检测参与预防母婴传播（PMTCT）项目的母亲所使用配方奶的安全性，对在一个PMTCT诊所收集的94个奶瓶中的内容物进行了分析。在家庭访视期间，还从已配制好的奶液中采集了另外17个样本，以及在观察下配制的奶瓶中的21个样本。总体而言，生活条件和教育水平良好，并且已就安全配制配方奶向母亲们提供了咨询。使用大肠杆菌和肠球菌作为指标，对样本进行粪便细菌分析。蛋白质浓度用作配方奶浓度的指标。在诊所获得的94个样本中，有63个（67%），家庭中可用样本的13/16（81%）被粪便细菌污染，相比之下，在观察下配制的样本中有8/21（38%）被污染。在94个样本中，含有大肠杆菌的诊所样本中有58个（62%），含有肠球菌的样本中有23/94（24%）被污染的程度超过了美国政府建议的每毫升10菌落形成单位（CFU/ml）的限值。在94个样本中，与标准相比，诊所获得的样本中有26个（28%）、家庭样本中有8/17（47%）以及在观察下配制的样本中有3/21（14%）被过度稀释。许多母亲在准备和喂养奶瓶时未遵循推荐的做法。
