van der Pols Jolieke C, Bain Chris, Gunnell David, Smith George Davey, Frobisher Clare, Martin Richard M
Longitudinal Studies Unit, Division of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Dec;86(6):1722-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/86.5.1722.
Dairy consumption affects biological pathways associated with carcinogenesis. Evidence for a link between cancer risk and dairy consumption in adulthood is increasing, but associations with childhood dairy consumption have not been studied adequately.
We investigated whether dairy consumption in childhood is associated with cancer incidence and mortality in adulthood.
From 1937 through 1939, some 4,999 children living in England and Scotland participated in a study of family food consumption, assessed from 7-d household food inventories. The National Health Service central register was used to ascertain cancer registrations and deaths between 1948 and 2005 in the 4,383 traced cohort members. Per capita household intake estimates for dairy products and calcium were used as proxy for individual intake.
During the follow-up period, 770 cancer registrations or cancer deaths occurred. High childhood total dairy intake was associated with a near-tripling in the odds of colorectal cancer [multivariate odds ratio: 2.90 (95% CI: 1.26, 6.65); 2-sided P for trend = 0.005] compared with low intake, independent of meat, fruit, and vegetable intakes and socioeconomic indicators. Milk intake showed a similar association with colorectal cancer risk. High milk intake was weakly inversely associated with prostate cancer risk (P for trend = 0.11). Childhood dairy intake was not associated with breast and stomach cancer risk; a positive association with lung cancer risk was confounded by smoking behavior during adulthood.
A family diet rich in dairy products during childhood is associated with a greater risk of colorectal cancer in adulthood. Confirmation of possible underlying biological mechanisms is needed.
乳制品消费会影响与致癌作用相关的生物学途径。成年期癌症风险与乳制品消费之间存在关联的证据日益增多，但儿童期乳制品消费与之的关联尚未得到充分研究。
我们调查了儿童期乳制品消费是否与成年期癌症发病率和死亡率相关。
1937年至1939年期间，约4999名生活在英格兰和苏格兰的儿童参与了一项家庭食物消费研究，该研究通过7天家庭食物清单进行评估。利用国民健康服务中央登记处确定了4383名追踪队列成员在1948年至2005年间的癌症登记情况和死亡情况。用家庭乳制品和钙的人均摄入量估计值作为个体摄入量的替代指标。
在随访期间，发生了770例癌症登记或癌症死亡。与低摄入量相比，儿童期高乳制品总摄入量与结直肠癌发病几率几乎增加两倍相关[多变量优势比：2.90（95%可信区间：1.26，6.65）；趋势的双侧P值=0.005]，与肉类、水果和蔬菜摄入量以及社会经济指标无关。牛奶摄入量与结直肠癌风险也有类似关联。高牛奶摄入量与前列腺癌风险呈微弱的负相关（趋势P值=0.11）。儿童期乳制品摄入量与乳腺癌和胃癌风险无关；与肺癌风险的正相关因成年期吸烟行为而混淆。
儿童期富含乳制品的家庭饮食与成年期患结直肠癌的风险增加有关。需要确认可能的潜在生物学机制。
