Purin Sonia, Rillig Matthias C
Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6108, USA.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2008 Feb;279(1):8-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.01007.x. Epub 2007 Dec 7.
In order to understand the functioning of mycorrhizal fungi in ecosystems it is necessary to consider the full suite of possible biotic interactions in the soil. While a number of such interactions have recently been shown to be crucially important, parasitism is a highly neglected feature in the ecology of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). A number of studies have classified some interactions between populations of bacteria and fungi with AMF as parasitism, generating discussion about its consequences at both 'parasite' and host population levels. This paper reviews these various publications, and based on a set of criteria that are necessary to demonstrate parasitism, it was concluded that parasitism has not been conclusively shown to exist in AMF, even though some data are highly suggestive of such a relationship. The difficulties in gathering data supportive of parasitism were discussed, and hypotheses for defense were offered. This paper concludes by presenting potential consequences of AMF parasitism at the population/community levels and by discussing applied aspects.
为了理解菌根真菌在生态系统中的功能，有必要考虑土壤中所有可能的生物相互作用。虽然最近已证明其中一些相互作用至关重要，但寄生现象在丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）生态学中却是一个被严重忽视的特征。一些研究将细菌种群与真菌和AMF之间的某些相互作用归类为寄生，引发了关于其在“寄生虫”和宿主种群水平上后果的讨论。本文回顾了这些不同的出版物，并基于证明寄生现象所需的一系列标准得出结论，即尽管一些数据强烈暗示了这种关系，但寄生现象在AMF中尚未得到确凿证明。文中讨论了收集支持寄生现象数据的困难，并提出了防御假说。本文最后阐述了AMF寄生现象在种群/群落水平上的潜在后果，并讨论了应用方面的问题。
