Johnson Joy L, Campbell Audrey C, Bowers Michele, Nichol Anne-Marie
NEXUS, School of Nursing, Vancouver, Canada.
Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2007 Dec;4(8):680-2. doi: 10.1513/pats.200706-084SD.
Stigma is a social construction that defines people in terms of a distinguishing characteristic or mark, and devalues them as a consequence. Stigma occurs when society labels someone as tainted, less desirable, or handicapped. There is emerging evidence that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a physical condition with social consequences. The valuing, and devaluing, of individuals within society are social judgments that have roots in sociocultural values and beliefs. Cultural norms and values dictate the distinct roles and behaviors that are expected of men and women in a given culture. Social reactions to individuals with COPD can have an effect on their illness experience. This article explores the relationships between COPD and stigma and gender, particularly how these key elements may interact to affect experiences of individuals with COPD within their social milieu. The aim of this article is to begin to set out questions and issues that require further empirical exploration. The stigma of COPD arises because people are held responsible for their disease, are noted to have engaged in a stigmatized behavior (smoking), are marked with oxygen equipment and bodily changes, and experience a disruption in their social interactions.
污名是一种社会建构，它根据某种显著特征或标记来定义人们，并因此贬低他们的价值。当社会将某人标记为有污点、不受欢迎或有缺陷时，污名就会出现。有新证据表明，慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种具有社会后果的身体状况。社会对个体的重视和贬低是基于社会文化价值观和信仰的社会判断。文化规范和价值观决定了特定文化中对男性和女性期望的不同角色和行为。社会对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的反应会影响他们的患病体验。本文探讨了慢性阻塞性肺疾病与污名及性别的关系，特别是这些关键因素如何相互作用，影响慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者在其社会环境中的体验。本文的目的是开始提出需要进一步实证探索的问题。慢性阻塞性肺疾病的污名产生是因为人们被认为要对自己的疾病负责，被指出有被污名化的行为（吸烟），身上带着氧气设备并有身体变化，以及经历社会交往的中断。
