Lukas Rimas V, Boire Adrienne, Nicholas M Kelly
University of Chicago, Department of Neurology, MC 2030, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2007 Dec;7(12 Suppl):S29-36. doi: 10.1586/14737140.7.12s.S29.
The current standard of care for malignant gliomas consists of surgery, radiotherapy and conventional (DNA-damaging) chemotherapies. These treatments are relatively nonspecific and may be applied to all glioma subtypes. Developments in cancer medicine, however, now offer the opportunity to direct therapies to specific molecular pathways involved in tumorigenesis. This offers the potential to tailor treatments to tumor subtypes--perhaps with greater efficacy and less toxicity. Many of the so-called targeted therapies are under investigation in the treatment of malignant glioma. In this review, we will focus on the use of agents that affect signal transduction. In particular, we will review the potential role for inhibitors of: tyrosine kinases, targets of rapamycin, farnesyl transferase and histone deacetylase. Inhibitors of angiogenesis will also be discussed. Some 'targeted' therapies are less specific than others, working on more than one pathway or receptor, thus complex interactions are possible.
目前恶性胶质瘤的标准治疗方案包括手术、放疗和传统（DNA损伤）化疗。这些治疗相对缺乏特异性，可应用于所有胶质瘤亚型。然而，癌症医学的发展现在提供了将治疗导向肿瘤发生所涉及的特定分子途径的机会。这为根据肿瘤亚型定制治疗提供了潜力——或许疗效更高且毒性更低。许多所谓的靶向治疗正在恶性胶质瘤治疗中进行研究。在本综述中，我们将重点关注影响信号转导的药物的应用。特别是，我们将综述以下抑制剂的潜在作用：酪氨酸激酶、雷帕霉素靶蛋白、法尼基转移酶和组蛋白脱乙酰酶。血管生成抑制剂也将进行讨论。一些“靶向”治疗比其他治疗特异性更低，作用于不止一条途径或受体，因此可能存在复杂的相互作用。
