Knott Verner, Cosgrove Meaghan, Villeneuve Crystal, Fisher Derek, Millar Anne, McIntosh Judy
Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Addict Behav. 2008 Apr;33(4):616-21. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.11.006. Epub 2007 Nov 17.
Functional neuroimaging studies of cue-elicited craving in smokers have identified a distributed system of brain activation which includes the frontal cortex. As electroencephalographic (EEG) activity recorded from frontal brain regions indexes emotive functions, which are believed to play a key role in craving processes, this study examined frontal EEG in 20 cigarette smokers (10 male) exposed to imagery scripts containing positive, negative, or neutral affective content with and without descriptions of smoking urges. Urge scripts increased subjective cravings related to both the rewarding and withdrawal-relief properties of smoking, the latter tending to be greater in female smokers, as were self-reports of frustration. The emotional content of scripts did not moderate urges or EEG but urge scripts were found to: a) decrease activity of delta in male smokers and to increase activity of beta, a pattern which has also been seen with acute smoking, and b) increase activity of theta, a response which has also been seen with smoking abstinence. This imagery-elicited neuroelectric profile, appearing to reflect opposing actions of reward and withdrawal, suggests that EEG may be a sensitive tool for probing the multidimensional nature of craving.
对吸烟者线索诱发的渴望进行的功能性神经影像学研究已经确定了一个包括额叶皮质的分布式脑激活系统。由于从额叶脑区记录的脑电图（EEG）活动可反映情感功能，而情感功能被认为在渴望过程中起关键作用，本研究对20名吸烟者（10名男性）进行了额叶脑电图检查，这些吸烟者接触包含积极、消极或中性情感内容的意象脚本，且有无吸烟冲动描述。冲动脚本增加了与吸烟的奖赏和戒断缓解特性相关的主观渴望，后者在女性吸烟者中往往更强，沮丧的自我报告也是如此。脚本的情感内容并未调节冲动或脑电图，但发现冲动脚本会：a）降低男性吸烟者的δ波活动，并增加β波活动，这种模式在急性吸烟时也可见到，以及b）增加θ波活动，这种反应在戒烟时也可见到。这种意象诱发的神经电特征似乎反映了奖赏和戒断的相反作用，表明脑电图可能是探究渴望多维性质的敏感工具。
