Zijlstra Fleur, Booij Jan, van den Brink Wim, Franken Ingmar H A
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2008 Apr;18(4):262-70. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2007.11.002.
Opiate addiction is a chronic disorder characterized by relapse behaviour, often preceded by craving and anhedonia. Chronic craving and anhedonia have been associated with low availability of dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) and cue-elicited craving has been linked with endogenous dopamine release. We studied D2R availability and cue-elicited endogenous dopamine release in 12 abstinent opiate-dependent males and 18 age-matched male controls with [123I]IBZM SPECT. Craving was manipulated with a video containing heroin-related stimuli. Moreover, chronic craving, anhedonia and cue-elicited craving were measured. We found lower baseline D2R availability in opiate-dependent subjects than controls in the left caudate nucleus. D2R availability in the putamen correlated negatively with years of opiate use. Opiate-dependent subjects demonstrated higher dopamine release after cue-exposure in the right putamen than controls. Chronic craving and anhedonia were positively correlated with DA release. Treatment strategies that increase D2Rs may, therefore, be an interesting approach to prevent relapse in opiate addiction.
阿片类药物成瘾是一种以复发行为为特征的慢性疾病，通常先有渴求感和快感缺乏。慢性渴求感和快感缺乏与多巴胺D2受体（D2Rs）可用性低有关，而线索诱发的渴求感与内源性多巴胺释放有关。我们用[123I] IBZM单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）研究了12名戒断的阿片类药物依赖男性和18名年龄匹配的男性对照者的D2R可用性和线索诱发的内源性多巴胺释放。通过一段包含海洛因相关刺激的视频来激发渴求感。此外，还对慢性渴求感、快感缺乏和线索诱发的渴求感进行了测量。我们发现，阿片类药物依赖者左侧尾状核的基线D2R可用性低于对照组。壳核中的D2R可用性与阿片类药物使用年限呈负相关。与对照组相比，阿片类药物依赖者在右侧壳核受到线索刺激后多巴胺释放更高。慢性渴求感和快感缺乏与多巴胺释放呈正相关。因此，增加D2Rs的治疗策略可能是预防阿片类药物成瘾复发的一种有前景的方法。
