Kypri Kypros
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, King & Watt Street, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia.
Subst Abus. 2007;28(3):31-42. doi: 10.1300/J465v28n03_04.
The research literature on screening and brief intervention (SBI) for unhealthy alcohol use is large and diverse. More than 50 clinical trials and 9 systematic reviews have been published on SBI in a range of healthcare settings, and via a variety of delivery approaches, in general practice, hospital wards, emergency departments, addiction treatment centres, and more recently, via computers and the Internet. The aim of this paper was to discuss methodological issues which arise in the design, analysis, interpretation, and reporting of SBI trials. Principal among these are the challenge of detecting small effects, standards of analysis, reporting, and interpretation, the risks of bias arising from self-report of outcomes, and the need to ensure that results have the potential to be applied in practice to reduce the burden of disease and injury attributable to unhealthy alcohol use.
关于针对不健康饮酒的筛查与简短干预（SBI）的研究文献数量众多且内容多样。已发表了50多项关于SBI的临床试验和9篇系统评价，涉及一系列医疗环境，并通过多种实施方式，包括全科医疗、医院病房、急诊科、成瘾治疗中心，以及最近通过计算机和互联网开展。本文旨在讨论SBI试验在设计、分析、解释和报告过程中出现的方法学问题。其中主要问题包括检测微小效应的挑战、分析、报告和解释的标准、因结果自我报告产生的偏倚风险，以及确保结果有潜力应用于实践以减轻不健康饮酒所致疾病和伤害负担的必要性。
