Gonçalves Helen, Hallal Pedro C, Amorim Tales C, Araújo Cora L P, Menezes Ana M B
Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2007 Oct;22(4):246-53. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892007000900004.
To describe the level of physical activity in adolescents born in 1993 in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, and to evaluate the effect of sociocultural variables on those levels.
A combined ethno-epidemiological methodology was employed. In the epidemiological study, 4 452 adolescents born in 1993 were interviewed. Physical activity level was evaluated by means of a questionnaire. Adolescents with fewer than 300 minutes of physical activity per week were classified as sedentary. The ethnographic study included 69 adolescents randomly selected from among all cohort participants. On average, three in-depth interviews were carried out (about one every 6 months), with mothers and adolescents being interviewed separately.
The prevalence of a sedentary lifestyle was 48.7% (95%CI: 46.5 to 50.8) in boys and 67.5% (95%CI: 65.6 to 69.5) in girls (P < 0.001). The independent variable presenting the strongest association with physical activity level was the weekly frequency with which the adolescent met friends outside of school. The ethnographic study showed that boys have more social and family support to engage in physical activities in adolescence, but that many parents associate poor school performance with the amount of time spent outside the home.
This study suggests that physical activity is often viewed as competing with family values in adolescence. This perspective should be explored in future studies and discussed with families so that physical activity may be adopted as a cultural norm.
描述巴西佩洛塔斯市1993年出生的青少年的身体活动水平，并评估社会文化变量对这些水平的影响。
采用了一种结合民族流行病学的方法。在流行病学研究中，对4452名1993年出生的青少年进行了访谈。通过问卷调查评估身体活动水平。每周身体活动少于300分钟的青少年被归类为久坐不动。民族志研究包括从所有队列参与者中随机挑选的69名青少年。平均进行了三次深入访谈（大约每6个月一次），分别对母亲和青少年进行访谈。
久坐不动生活方式的患病率在男孩中为48.7%（95%置信区间：46.5至50.8），在女孩中为67.5%（95%置信区间：65.6至69.5）（P<0.001）。与身体活动水平关联最强的自变量是青少年在学校外与朋友见面的每周频率。民族志研究表明，男孩在青春期进行体育活动时得到更多的社会和家庭支持，但许多家长将学业成绩不佳与在家外花费的时间联系起来。
本研究表明，在青春期，身体活动常常被视为与家庭价值观相竞争。这种观点应在未来的研究中加以探讨，并与家庭进行讨论，以便将身体活动作为一种文化规范来接受。
