de Lafontaine Yves, Despatie Simon-Pierre, Wiley Chris
Aquatic Ecosystem Protection Research Division, Environment Canada, St. Lawrence Center, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H2Y 2E7.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2008 Oct;71(2):355-69. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.033. Epub 2008 Feb 20.
The efficacy and the potential toxicological impact of a proposed ballast water treatment (PERACLEAN Ocean) using peracetic acid (PAA) as active substances to control species introduction was assessed in both fresh- and salt water experiments at very cold water temperatures (1-2 degrees C). Levels of PAA gradually declined over the 5-day experiments, while levels of hydrogen peroxide remained relatively stable. The rate of decay of both the PAA and hydrogen peroxide in water was accelerated in the presence of sediments. Water quality properties varied significantly with treatment level with a maximum reduction of pH by 2.0 units and a concomitant 20-fold increase in dissolved organic carbon levels. Living biomass of organisms in treated water was reduced by 99% after 2 days. Results from six toxicological tests revealed very steep dose-response curves of the treatment. The toxic response of treated waters was higher in fresh water than in salt water. The PERACLEAN Ocean treatment may represent an effective technology to treat ballast waters under a wide range of temperature and salinity conditions. The discharge of treated fresh water may however pose some toxicological risk to fresh water receiving environments and to cold waters in particular.
在极冷水温（1-2摄氏度）下进行的淡水和盐水实验中，评估了一种以过氧乙酸（PAA）作为活性物质来控制物种引入的拟议压载水处理方法（PERACLEAN Ocean）的有效性及其潜在毒理学影响。在为期5天的实验中，PAA水平逐渐下降，而过氧化氢水平则保持相对稳定。在沉积物存在的情况下，水中PAA和过氧化氢的衰减速率加快。水质特性随处理水平有显著变化，pH值最大降低2.0个单位，同时溶解有机碳水平相应增加20倍。处理后2天，处理水中生物的活生物质减少了99%。六项毒理学测试结果显示该处理方法具有非常陡峭的剂量反应曲线。处理后水的毒性反应在淡水中高于盐水中。PERACLEAN Ocean处理方法可能是一种在广泛温度和盐度条件下处理压载水的有效技术。然而，排放经处理的淡水可能会对淡水接纳环境，特别是冷水环境造成一些毒理学风险。
