Purslow Lisa R, Sandhu Manjinder S, Forouhi Nita, Young Elizabeth H, Luben Robert N, Welch Ailsa A, Khaw Kay-Tee, Bingham Sheila A, Wareham Nicholas J
MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Medical Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Am J Epidemiol. 2008 Jan 15;167(2):188-92. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwm309. Epub 2007 Dec 12.
To investigate the association between percentage of total daily energy intake consumed at breakfast and weight change in middle-aged men and women, the authors analyzed data from a prospective population-based cohort study from Norfolk, United Kingdom. Participants were 6,764 men and women aged 40-75 years at baseline (1993-1997). Participants completed a 7-day food diary at baseline, and objective measurements of height and weight were carried out at baseline and follow-up (1998-2000). Mean baseline body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) was lowest among persons in the highest quintile of percentage of daily energy consumed at breakfast (mean values were 26.0 in the highest quintile and 26.3 in the lowest quintile), despite higher daily total energy intake in this group. Although all participants gained weight, increased percentage of daily energy consumed at breakfast was associated with relatively lower weight gain (adjusted beta coefficient = -0.021, 95% confidence interval: -0.035, -0.007; p = 0.004). The association between percentage of daily energy intake consumed at breakfast and weight gain was independent of age, sex, smoking, total energy intake, macronutrient intake, social class, and physical activity. Redistribution of daily energy intake, so that more energy is consumed at breakfast and less energy is consumed later in the day, may help to reduce weight gain in middle-aged adults.
为了研究早餐所摄入的能量占每日总能量摄入的百分比与中年男性和女性体重变化之间的关联，作者分析了来自英国诺福克一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究的数据。研究对象为6764名年龄在40 - 75岁之间的男性和女性（基线时间为1993 - 1997年）。研究对象在基线时完成了一份为期7天的食物日记，并在基线和随访时（1998 - 2000年）进行了身高和体重的客观测量。尽管早餐所摄入能量占每日总能量摄入百分比最高的人群每日总能量摄入量更高，但该组人群的平均基线体重指数（体重（千克）/身高（米）²）在早餐所摄入能量占每日总能量摄入百分比最高的五分位数人群中最低（最高五分位数人群的平均值为26.0，最低五分位数人群为26.3）。虽然所有研究对象体重均增加，但早餐所摄入能量占每日总能量摄入的百分比增加与相对较低的体重增加有关（调整后的β系数 = -0.021，95%置信区间：-0.035，-0.007；p = 0.004）。早餐所摄入能量占每日总能量摄入的百分比与体重增加之间的关联独立于年龄、性别、吸烟、总能量摄入、宏量营养素摄入、社会阶层和身体活动。重新分配每日能量摄入，使早餐摄入更多能量而一天中晚些时候摄入更少能量，可能有助于减少中年成年人的体重增加。
