Vaidya U, Bhave S, Hegde V, Pandit A N
Department of Pediatrics, K.E.M. Hospital, Pune.
Indian Pediatr. 1991 Nov;28(11):1265-70.
In a study period of one year, 381 babies (38.7% of all nursery admissions) were clinically diagnosed to have sepsis. Of these, 156 (40.9%) had positive blood cultures. Klebsiella was by far the commonest organism isolated (41%) followed by other Gram negative organisms. Gram positive organisms were uncommon (8%). Sensitivity of Gram negative organisms was poor to penicillin (11%) and ampicillin (18%); significantly better to kanamycin (65%), gentamicin (74%) and best to cefotaxime (79%). Only 8% isolates were resistant to all antibiotics. Combination of cefotaxime and gentamicin was effective against 90% of the isolates (in vitro) as compared to 74% for gentamicin and ampicillin. In vivo, mortality in the cefotaxime treated group was significantly lower (24.3%) than control group (47%) although both groups were clinically and bacteriologically comparable (p less than 0.05).
在为期一年的研究期间，381名婴儿（占所有新生儿病房收治病例的38.7%）被临床诊断为患有败血症。其中，156名（40.9%）血培养呈阳性。迄今为止，分离出的最常见病原体是克雷伯菌（41%），其次是其他革兰氏阴性菌。革兰氏阳性菌不常见（8%）。革兰氏阴性菌对青霉素（11%）和氨苄青霉素（18%）的敏感性较差；对卡那霉素（65%）、庆大霉素（74%）敏感性显著更好，对头孢噻肟（79%）敏感性最佳。仅8%的分离株对所有抗生素耐药。与庆大霉素和氨苄青霉素对74%的分离株有效（体外）相比，头孢噻肟和庆大霉素联合用药对90%的分离株有效（体外）。在体内，头孢噻肟治疗组的死亡率（24.3%）显著低于对照组（47%），尽管两组在临床和细菌学方面具有可比性（p小于0.05）。
