Nwokedi E E, Azeez-Akande O
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.
Niger J Med. 2007 Oct-Dec;16(4):344-7. doi: 10.4314/njm.v16i4.37335.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a huge concern with increasing epidemic proportions The consequences are devastating in developing countries particularly in large areas of southeast Asia and sub Saharan Africa including decrease in life-expectancy, huge loss of manpower and a heavy economic and social burden. Sub-Saharan Africa has been hit harder by HIV/AIDS pandemic than any other region of the world At the end of 2006, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimated that, globally 39.5 million people were living with HIV/AIDS, out of which 24.7 million were in sub-Saharan Africa. To determine the annual trend of HIV infection in Kano as well as the seroprevalence rates over the years.
This retrospective study includes all adults that are 15years and above, who are also AKTH attendees and. patients referred from other hospitals in Kano, who, based on clinical suspicion, were sent to the serology laboratory of the hospital for HIV screening and confirmation between January, 1997 and December, 2003. It however, excludes all pediatrics, antenatal care clinic attendees and all blood donors screened for HIV antibodies within the period. These have been collated under various risk groups elsewhere.
Of 9241 subjects tested, 3217 (34.8%) were confirmed seropositive for HIV antibodies consisting of 1908 (36.7%) and 1441 (35.7%) males and females respectively Analysis of results on yearly basis shows prevalence rates of 37.1% in 1997, 40% in 1998 and 47.9% in 1999. However, the HIV seroprevalence rates declined to 22.6% among these subjects in 2000 before rising to the peak (48.8%) in 2002 from 30% seroprevalence of the previous year, 2001. The prevalence rate for 2003 was 32.1%. effective control strategies aimed at curbing the spread of HIV infection.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染是一个日益严重的重大问题，其后果在发展中国家具有毁灭性，特别是在东南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲的大片地区，包括预期寿命下降、巨大的人力损失以及沉重的经济和社会负担。撒哈拉以南非洲受艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行的影响比世界其他任何地区都更严重。2006年底，联合国艾滋病毒/艾滋病联合规划署（UNAIDS）估计，全球有3950万人感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病，其中2470万人在撒哈拉以南非洲。为了确定卡诺地区艾滋病毒感染的年度趋势以及多年来的血清阳性率。
这项回顾性研究纳入了所有15岁及以上的成年人，他们均为阿赫马杜·贝洛大学教学医院（AKTH）的就诊者以及从卡诺其他医院转诊而来的患者，这些患者基于临床怀疑，于1997年1月至2003年12月期间被送往该医院的血清学实验室进行艾滋病毒筛查和确认。然而，该研究排除了所有儿科患者、产前护理诊所的就诊者以及在此期间接受艾滋病毒抗体筛查的所有献血者。这些已在其他地方按照不同风险组进行了整理。
在9241名接受检测的受试者中，3217人（34.8%）被确认为艾滋病毒抗体血清阳性，其中男性1908人（36.7%），女性1441人（35.7%）。逐年分析结果显示，1997年的患病率为37.1%，1998年为40%，1999年为47.9%。然而，这些受试者的艾滋病毒血清阳性率在2000年降至22.6%，然后在2002年从前一年（2001年）的30%血清阳性率升至峰值（48.8%）。2003年的患病率为32.1%。旨在遏制艾滋病毒感染传播的有效控制策略。
