Chen Wan-Chi, Chen Ching-Huey, Lee Po-Chang, Wang Wen-Ling
Center for Quality Management, National Cheng Kung University Hospital.
J Nurs Res. 2007 Dec;15(4):319-29. doi: 10.1097/01.jnr.0000387628.33425.34.
Quality of life is an important indicator for evaluating therapeutic outcomes and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. Few studies have explored the impact of symptom distress and social support on quality of life in this population. A correlational study was designed to examine the influence of symptom distress, social support and demographic characteristics on quality of life in renal transplant recipients. A convenience sample of 113 renal transplant recipients was recruited from a medical center in Southern Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. This four-part tool included: Quality of Life Index--Kidney Transplant Version III, Physical Symptom Distress Scale, Social Support Scale, and demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (SPSS 10.1 statistical package). Percentage, rank, mean and standard deviation, t-tests, chi-square, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression were computed. Results showed that renal transplant recipients had a moderate quality of life. Social support and symptom distress, age, employment status, and household income significantly explained 28.8% of the variance in quality of life. Findings suggest implications for interventional programming and research aimed toward improving quality of life, including individual and family-based approaches designed to enhance recipients' social support and address effective management of symptoms. Recruiting a transplant clinical nurse specialist to design and implement an intervention program also is recommended.
生活质量是评估终末期肾病患者治疗效果和死亡率的重要指标。很少有研究探讨症状困扰和社会支持对该人群生活质量的影响。一项相关性研究旨在检验症状困扰、社会支持和人口统计学特征对肾移植受者生活质量的影响。从台湾南部的一家医疗中心招募了113名肾移植受者作为便利样本。使用结构化问卷收集数据。这个四部分的工具包括：生活质量指数——肾移植第三版、身体症状困扰量表、社会支持量表和人口统计学特征。通过描述性和推断性统计（SPSS 10.1统计软件包）对数据进行分析。计算了百分比、秩、均值和标准差、t检验、卡方检验、方差分析、皮尔逊相关性和多元回归。结果显示，肾移植受者的生活质量中等。社会支持、症状困扰、年龄、就业状况和家庭收入显著解释了生活质量变异的28.8%。研究结果表明了针对改善生活质量的干预规划和研究的意义，包括旨在增强受者社会支持和有效管理症状的基于个体和家庭的方法。还建议招募一名移植临床护理专家来设计和实施干预项目。
