Forster Hubert V, Martino Paul, Hodges Matt, Krause Katie, Bonis Josh, Davis Suzanne, Pan L
Medical College of Wisconsin, Physiology, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2008;605:322-6. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-73693-8_56.
Both carotid and intracranial chemoreceptors are critical to a normal ventilatory CO2-H+ chemosensitivity. At low levels of hypercapnia, the carotid contribution is probably greater than the central contribution but, at high levels, the intracranial chemoreceptors are dominant. The carotid chemoreceptors are also critical to maintaining a stable and normal eupneic PaCO2, but lesion-induced attenuation of intracranial CO2-H+ chemosensitivity does not consistently alter eupneic PaCO2. A major unanswered question is why do intracranial chemoreceptors in carotid body denervation (CBD) animals tolerate an acidosis during eupnea which prior to CBD elicits a marked increase in breathing.
颈动脉和颅内化学感受器对于正常的通气二氧化碳 - 氢离子化学敏感性至关重要。在低水平高碳酸血症时，颈动脉的作用可能大于中枢的作用，但在高水平时，颅内化学感受器占主导。颈动脉化学感受器对于维持稳定且正常的平静呼吸时的动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）也很关键，但病变引起的颅内二氧化碳 - 氢离子化学敏感性减弱并不一定会持续改变平静呼吸时的PaCO2。一个主要未解决的问题是，为什么在颈动脉体去神经支配（CBD）动物中，颅内化学感受器在平静呼吸时能耐受酸中毒，而在CBD之前，酸中毒会引起呼吸显著增加。
