振动和拉伸对年轻体操运动员柔韧性和爆发力的影响。

Vibration and stretching effects on flexibility and explosive strength in young gymnasts.

作者信息

Kinser Ann M, Ramsey Michael W, O'Bryant Harold S, Ayres Christopher A, Sands William A, Stone Michael H

机构信息

Sports Performance Enhancement Consortium, Kinesiology, Leisure, and Sports Science, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.

出版信息

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008 Jan;40(1):133-40. doi: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181586b13.

DOI:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181586b13

PMID:18091012

Abstract

PURPOSE

Effects of simultaneous vibration-stretching on flexibility and explosive strength in competitive female gymnasts were examined.

METHODS

Twenty-two female athletes (age = 11.3 +/- 2.6 yr; body mass = 35.3 +/- 11.6 kg; competitive levels = 3-9) composed the simultaneous vibration-stretching (VS) group, which performed both tests. Flexibility testing control groups were stretching-only (SF) (N = 7) and vibration-only (VF) (N = 8). Explosive strength-control groups were stretching-only (SES) (N = 8) and vibration-only (VES) (N = 7). Vibration (30 Hz, 2-mm displacement) was applied to four sites, four times for 10 s, with 5 s of rest in between. Right and left forward-split (RFS and LFS) flexibility was measured by the distance between the ground and the anterior suprailiac spine. A force plate (sampling rate, 1000 Hz) recorded countermovement and static jump characteristics. Explosive strength variables included flight time, jump height, peak force, instantaneous forces, and rates of force development. Data were analyzed using Bonferroni adjusted paired t-tests.

RESULTS

VS had statistically increased flexibility (P) and large effect sizes (d) in both the RFS (P = 1.28 x 10(-7), d = 0.67) and LFS (P = 2.35 x 10(-7), d = 0.72). VS had statistically different results of favored (FL) (P = 4.67 x 10(-8), d= 0.78) and nonfavored (NFL) (P = 7.97 x 10(-10), d = 0.65) legs. VF resulted in statistical increases in flexibility and medium d on RFS (P = 6.98 x 10(-3), d = 0.25) and statistically increased flexibility on VF NFL flexibility (P = 0.002, d = 0.31). SF had no statistical difference between measures and small d. For explosive strength, there were no statistical differences in variables in the VS, SES, and VES for the pre- versus posttreatment tests.

CONCLUSIONS

Simultaneous vibration and stretching may greatly increase flexibility while not altering explosive strength.

摘要

目的

研究同步振动拉伸对竞技女子体操运动员柔韧性和爆发力的影响。

方法

22名女性运动员（年龄=11.3±2.6岁；体重=35.3±11.6千克；竞技水平=3-9级）组成同步振动拉伸（VS）组，该组进行了两项测试。柔韧性测试对照组为单纯拉伸（SF）组（N=7）和单纯振动（VF）组（N=8）。爆发力对照组为单纯拉伸（SES）组（N=8）和单纯振动（VES）组（N=7）。在四个部位施加振动（30赫兹，2毫米位移），每次10秒，共4次，中间休息5秒。通过地面与髂前上棘之间的距离测量左右前劈叉（RFS和LFS）柔韧性。一个测力板（采样率1000赫兹）记录反向运动和立定跳远特征。爆发力变量包括飞行时间、跳跃高度、峰值力、瞬时力和力发展速率。使用Bonferroni校正的配对t检验分析数据。

结果

VS在RFS（P=1.28×10⁻⁷，d=0.67）和LFS（P=2.35×10⁻⁷，d=0.72）方面均使柔韧性有统计学意义的增加且效应量较大。VS在优势腿（FL）（P=4.67×10⁻⁸，d=0.78）和非优势腿（NFL）（P=7.97×10⁻¹⁰，d=0.65）上有统计学差异。VF使RFS的柔韧性有统计学意义的增加且效应量中等（P=6.98×10⁻³，d=0.25），使VF NFL柔韧性有统计学意义的增加（P=0.002，d=0.31）。SF组测量结果无统计学差异且效应量小。对于爆发力，VS、SES和VES组治疗前与治疗后的变量无统计学差异。