Johnson A Wayne, Warcup Caisa N, Seeley Matthew K, Eggett Dennis, Feland J Brent
Department of Exercise Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA -
Department of Exercise Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019 Feb;59(2):210-216. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08290-7. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
While stretching with vibration has been shown to improve static flexibility; the effect of stretching with vibration on dynamic flexibility is not well known. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of stretching with vibration on acute dynamic flexibility and jump height in novice and advanced competitive female gymnasts during a split jump.
Female gymnast (N.=27, age: 11.5±1.7 years, Junior Olympic levels 5-10) participated in this cross-over study. Dynamic flexibility during gymnastic split jumps were video recorded and analyzed with Dartfish software. All participants completed both randomized stretching protocols with either the vibration platform turned on (VIB) (frequency of 30 Hz and 2 mm amplitude) or off (NoVIB) separated by 48 h. Participants performed 4 sets of three stretches on the vibration platform. Each stretch was held for 30 seconds with 5 seconds rest for a total of 7 minutes of stretch.
Split jump flexibility decreased significantly from pre to post measurement in both VIB (-5.8±5.9°) (P<0.001) and NoVIB (-2.6±6.1°) (P=0.041) conditions (adjusted for gymnast level). This effect was greatest in lower skill level gymnasts (P=0.003), while the highest skill level gymnasts showed no significant decrease in the split jump (P=0.105). Jump height was not significantly different between conditions (P=0.892) or within groups (P=0.880).
An acute session of static stretching with or without vibration immediately before performance does not alter jump height. Stretching with vibration immediately prior to gymnastics competition decreases split jump flexibility in lower level gymnasts more than upper level gymnasts.
虽然已有研究表明，振动拉伸可提高静态柔韧性；但振动拉伸对动态柔韧性的影响尚不明确。本研究旨在探讨振动拉伸对新手和高级竞技水平的女性体操运动员在劈叉跳时的急性动态柔韧性和跳跃高度的效果。
女性体操运动员（N = 27，年龄：11.5±1.7岁，少年奥林匹克5 - 10级）参与了这项交叉研究。体操劈叉跳时的动态柔韧性通过视频记录，并使用Dartfish软件进行分析。所有参与者均完成两种随机拉伸方案，一种是振动平台开启（VIB）（频率30Hz，振幅2mm），另一种是振动平台关闭（NoVIB），两种方案间隔48小时。参与者在振动平台上进行4组，每组3次拉伸。每次拉伸保持30秒，休息5秒，总共拉伸7分钟。
在VIB（-5.8±5.9°）（P<0.001）和NoVIB（-2.6±6.1°）（P = 0.041）条件下（根据体操运动员水平进行调整），劈叉跳柔韧性从测量前到测量后均显著下降。这种影响在技能水平较低的体操运动员中最为明显（P = 0.003），而技能水平最高的体操运动员劈叉跳时柔韧性没有显著下降（P = 0.105）。不同条件下（P = 0.892）或组内（P = 0.880）的跳跃高度没有显著差异。
在表演前立即进行的有或无振动的急性静态拉伸不会改变跳跃高度。在体操比赛前立即进行振动拉伸，对较低水平体操运动员劈叉跳柔韧性的降低幅度大于较高水平体操运动员。
