Sierra-Siegert Mauricio, David Anthony S
Depersonalization Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2007 Dec;195(12):989-95. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e31815c19f7.
It has been proposed that highly individualistic cultures confer vulnerability to depersonalization. To test this idea, we carried out a comprehensive systematic review of published empirical studies on panic disorder, which reported the frequency of depersonalization/derealization during panic attacks. It was predicted that the frequency of depersonalization would be higher in Western cultures and that a significant correlation would be found between the frequency of depersonalization and individualism scores of the participant countries. As predicted, the frequency of depersonalization during panic was significantly lower in nonwestern countries. There was also a significant correlation between frequency of depersonalization and Individualism (rho = 0.68, p < 0.0001), and between fears of losing control (rho = 0.57, p = 0.005) and individualism. These findings are interpreted in light of recent studies suggesting that individualistic cultures are characterized by hypersensitivity to threat and by an external locus of control. Two features may be relevant in the genesis of depersonalization.
有人提出，高度个人主义的文化会使人易患人格解体。为了验证这一观点，我们对已发表的关于惊恐障碍的实证研究进行了全面的系统综述，这些研究报告了惊恐发作期间人格解体/现实解体的频率。据预测，西方文化中人格解体的频率会更高，并且在参与研究的国家中，人格解体的频率与个人主义得分之间会发现显著相关性。正如预测的那样，非西方国家惊恐发作期间人格解体的频率显著更低。人格解体频率与个人主义之间（rho = 0.68，p < 0.0001）以及对失去控制的恐惧与个人主义之间（rho = 0.57，p = 0.005）也存在显著相关性。这些发现根据最近的研究进行了解释，这些研究表明个人主义文化的特点是对威胁高度敏感以及外部控制点。两个特征可能与人格解体的发生有关。
