D'Souza Savio, Levy Emile, Mack David, Israel David, Lambrette Philippe, Ghadirian Parviz, Deslandres Colette, Morgan Kenneth, Seidman Ernest G, Amre Devendra K
Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2008 Mar;14(3):367-73. doi: 10.1002/ibd.20333.
Some dietary foods are considered protective (vegetables and fruits), whereas others (fatty foods) are thought to enhance the risk for Crohn's disease (CD). The evidence, however, is inconsistent.
We postulated that specific dietary patterns may influence the risk for CD. A case-control study was carried out. Newly diagnosed CD cases with population and/or hospital-based controls < or =20 years were selected from 3 tertiary hospitals across Canada. Pre-disease diet was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administered within 1 month of diagnosis. Factor analyses and unconditional logistic regression (adjusted) was used to determine gender-specific dietary patterns and assess associated risks for CD. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated.
A total of 149 cases and 251 controls were included. The mean age (range) of the cases was 13.3 (2.6-20 years). There were more boys (61.1%). Four dietary patterns each were observed among both boys and girls. Pattern 1 in girls, characterized by meats, fatty foods, and desserts, was positively associated with CD (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.6-14.2). Pattern 2, common to both boys and girls, was characterized by vegetables, fruits, olive oil, fish, grains, and nuts and was inversely associated with CD in both genders (girls: OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.9; boys: OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1-0.5).
Our results suggest that specific dietary patterns could be associated with higher or lower risks for CD in children. Larger prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
一些膳食食物被认为具有保护作用（蔬菜和水果），而其他食物（高脂肪食物）则被认为会增加克罗恩病（CD）的发病风险。然而，证据并不一致。
我们推测特定的饮食模式可能会影响CD的发病风险。开展了一项病例对照研究。从加拿大3家三级医院选取新诊断的CD病例以及年龄小于或等于20岁的基于人群和/或医院的对照。在诊断后1个月内使用经过验证的食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估病前饮食。采用因子分析和无条件逻辑回归（校正后）来确定特定性别的饮食模式，并评估CD的相关风险。估计比值比（OR）和相应的95%置信区间（95%CI）。
共纳入149例病例和251例对照。病例的平均年龄（范围）为13.3岁（2.6 - 20岁）。男孩更多（61.1%）。在男孩和女孩中均观察到四种饮食模式。女孩的模式1以肉类、高脂肪食物和甜点为特征，与CD呈正相关（OR 4.7，95%CI 1.6 - 14.2）。模式2在男孩和女孩中都常见，以蔬菜、水果、橄榄油、鱼类、谷物和坚果为特征，在两性中均与CD呈负相关（女孩：OR 0.3，95%CI 0.1 - 0.9；男孩：OR 0.2，95%CI 0.1 - 0.5）。
我们的结果表明，特定的饮食模式可能与儿童CD的发病风险高低相关。需要更大规模的前瞻性研究来证实这些发现。
