Kjellgren Anette, Bood Sven A, Axelsson Kajsa, Norlander Torsten, Saatcioglu Fahri
Department of Psychology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2007 Dec 19;7:43. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-7-43.
Increasing rates of psychosocial disturbances give rise to increased risks and vulnerability for a wide variety of stress-related chronic pain and other illnesses. Relaxation exercises aim at reducing stress and thereby help prevent these unwanted outcomes. One of the widely used relaxation practices is yoga and yogic breathing exercises. One specific form of these exercises is Sudarshan Kriya and related practices (SK&P) which are understood to have favourable effects on the mind-body system. The goal of this pilot study was to design a protocol that can investigate whether SK&P can lead to increased feeling of wellness in healthy volunteers.
Participants were recruited in a small university city in Sweden and were instructed in a 6-day intensive program of SK&P which they practiced daily for six weeks. The control group was instructed to relax in an armchair each day during the same period. Subjects included a total of 103 adults, 55 in the intervention (SK&P) group and 48 in the control group. Various instruments were administered before and after the intervention. Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale measured the degree of anxiety and depression, Life Orientation Test measured dispositional optimism, Stress and Energy Test measured individual's energy and stress experiences. Experienced Deviation from Normal State measured the experience of altered state of consciousness.
There were no safety issues. Compliance was high (only 1 dropout in the SK&P group, and 5 in the control group). Outcome measures appeared to be appropriate for assessing the differences between the groups. Subjective reports generally correlated with the findings from the instruments. The data suggest that participants in the SK&P group, but not the control group, lowered their degree of anxiety, depression and stress, and also increased their degree of optimism (ANOVA; p < 0.001). The participants in the yoga group experienced the practices as a positive event that induced beneficial effects.
These data indicate that the experimental protocol that is developed here is safe, compliance level is good, and a full scale trial is feasible. The data obtained suggest that adult participants may improve their wellness by learning and applying a program based on yoga and yogic breathing exercises; this can be conclusively assessed in a large-scale trial.
Australian Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN012607000175471.
社会心理障碍发生率的上升导致了各种与压力相关的慢性疼痛和其他疾病的风险及易感性增加。放松练习旨在减轻压力，从而有助于预防这些不良后果。广泛使用的放松练习之一是瑜伽和瑜伽呼吸练习。这些练习的一种特定形式是苏达山克里亚及其相关练习（SK&P），据信对身心系统有有益影响。这项初步研究的目的是设计一个方案，以调查SK&P是否能使健康志愿者的健康感增强。
在瑞典的一个小型大学城招募参与者，并指导他们参加一个为期6天的SK&P强化课程，他们每天练习，持续六周。对照组被指导在同一时期每天在扶手椅上放松。受试者共有103名成年人，干预（SK&P）组55人，对照组48人。在干预前后使用了各种工具。医院焦虑抑郁量表测量焦虑和抑郁程度，生活取向测试测量性格乐观程度，压力与能量测试测量个体的能量和压力体验。异常状态体验量表测量意识改变状态的体验。
没有安全问题。依从性很高（SK&P组只有1人退出，对照组有5人退出）。结果测量似乎适合评估两组之间的差异。主观报告通常与工具的结果相关。数据表明，SK&P组的参与者而非对照组降低了焦虑、抑郁和压力程度，同时也提高了乐观程度（方差分析；p<0.001）。瑜伽组的参与者将这些练习体验为产生有益效果的积极事件。
这些数据表明，此处制定的实验方案是安全的，依从性良好，全面试验是可行的。获得的数据表明，成年参与者通过学习和应用基于瑜伽和瑜伽呼吸练习的方案可能会改善他们的健康状况；这可以在大规模试验中得到最终评估。
澳大利亚临床试验注册中心ACTRN012607000175471。
