Rastogi Tanuja, Devesa Susan, Mangtani Punam, Mathew Aleyamma, Cooper Nicola, Kao Roy, Sinha Rashmi
Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
Int J Epidemiol. 2008 Feb;37(1):147-60. doi: 10.1093/ije/dym219. Epub 2007 Dec 19.
Data are limited regarding cancer incidence among Indians residing in different geographic regions around the world. Examining such rates may provide us with insights into future aetiological research possibilities as well as screening and prevention.
Incidence rates for all cancers combined and 19 specific cancers were obtained for India from Globocan 2002, for Indians in Singapore from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (VIII), and from national data sources for South Asians (SA) in the United Kingdom (UK) and for Asian Indians/Pakistanis (AIP) and whites in the United States (US).
We observed the lowest total cancer incidence rates in India (111 and 116 per 100,000 among males and females, respectively, age-standardized to the 1960 world population) and the highest among US whites (362 and 296). Cancer incidence rates among Indians residing outside of India were: intermediate Singapore (102 and 132), UK (173 and 179) and US ranges 152-176 and 142-164. A similar pattern was observed for cancers of the colorectum, prostate, thyroid, pancreas, lung, breast and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In contrast, rates for cancers of the oral cavity, oesophagus, larynx and cervix uteri were highest in India. Although little geographic variability was apparent for stomach cancer incidence, Indians in Singapore had the highest rates compared with any other region. The UK SA and the US AIP appear with adopt the cancer patterns of their host country.
Variations in environmental exposures such as tobacco use, diet and infection, as well as better health care access and knowledge may explain some of the observed incidence differences.
关于居住在世界不同地理区域的印度人的癌症发病率，数据有限。研究这些发病率可能会为我们提供有关未来病因学研究可能性以及筛查和预防的见解。
从《全球癌症统计2002》中获取印度所有癌症合并发病率以及19种特定癌症的发病率，从《五大洲癌症发病率（第八卷）》中获取新加坡印度人的发病率，并从英国南亚人（SA）、美国亚洲印度人/巴基斯坦人（AIP）和白人的国家数据源中获取发病率。
我们观察到印度的总癌症发病率最低（男性和女性分别为每10万人111例和116例，按1960年世界人口年龄标准化），而美国白人的发病率最高（362例和296例）。居住在印度境外的印度人的癌症发病率为：新加坡居中（102例和132例），英国（173例和179例），美国范围为152 - 176例和142 - 164例。结直肠癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、胰腺癌、肺癌、乳腺癌和非霍奇金淋巴瘤也观察到类似模式。相比之下，口腔癌、食管癌、喉癌和子宫颈癌的发病率在印度最高。尽管胃癌发病率的地理差异不太明显，但新加坡的印度人发病率高于其他任何地区。英国的南亚人和美国的亚洲印度人/巴基斯坦人似乎采用了其所在国家的癌症模式。
诸如烟草使用、饮食和感染等环境暴露的差异，以及更好的医疗保健可及性和知识，可能解释了一些观察到的发病率差异。
