Goggins William B, Wong Grace
School of Public Health, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Room 501, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Cancer Causes Control. 2009 Jul;20(5):635-43. doi: 10.1007/s10552-008-9275-x. Epub 2008 Dec 6.
South Asian immigrants living in the United Kingdom and Canada have been found to have lower rates of cancers of all types compared with the native born population and most other immigrant groups. Cancer among Asian Indian/Pakistani people in the United States has been studied very little.
Incidence rates for all cancers combined and site-specific rates for major cancers were estimated for Asian Indians/Pakistani population using incidence data from the U.S. National Cancer Institutes SEER database and population data from the U.S. Census Bureau. Site-specific survival was compared for major cancer sites between Asian Indians/Pakistanis and Caucasians using Cox proportional hazards models.
Cancer rates for Asian Indian/Pakistani males and females were considerably lower than for White Americans with standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of 0.46 (95% CI = 0.44, 0.48), and 0.55 (95% CI = 0.53, 0.58) respectively. Site-specific rates were lower for both genders for most sites with particularly low rates observed for lung, colorectal, female breast, and prostate cancer. Among common cancers sites, survival was generally better among Asian Indians/Pakistanis than Caucasians with the notable exception of breast cancer for which Caucasians had slightly better survival.
The finding that Asian Indians/Pakistanis in the United States have relatively low incidence rates for most major cancers is consistent with studies from other countries. Whether the low incidence of cancer and above average cancer survival for this group is related to their well-above average socioeconomic status or cultural and behavioral factors is a topic for further research.
研究发现，与英国和加拿大的本土出生人口及大多数其他移民群体相比，生活在英国和加拿大的南亚移民各类癌症的发病率较低。对美国亚裔印度人/巴基斯坦人的癌症情况研究甚少。
利用美国国立癌症研究所监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）数据库的发病率数据以及美国人口普查局的人口数据，估算亚裔印度人/巴基斯坦人群体所有癌症合并发病率以及主要癌症的部位特异性发病率。使用Cox比例风险模型比较亚裔印度人/巴基斯坦人与高加索人主要癌症部位的部位特异性生存率。
亚裔印度/巴基斯坦男性和女性的癌症发病率远低于美国白人，标准化发病率（SIR）分别为0.46（95%置信区间 = 0.44, 0.48）和0.55（95%置信区间 = 0.53, 0.58）。大多数部位的两性部位特异性发病率均较低，肺癌、结直肠癌、女性乳腺癌和前列腺癌的发病率尤其低。在常见癌症部位中，亚裔印度人/巴基斯坦人的生存率总体上高于高加索人，但乳腺癌是个显著例外，高加索人的乳腺癌生存率略高。
美国亚裔印度人/巴基斯坦人大多数主要癌症发病率相对较低这一发现与其他国家的研究结果一致。该群体癌症发病率低及癌症生存率高于平均水平是与其远高于平均水平的社会经济地位有关，还是与文化和行为因素有关，这是一个有待进一步研究的课题。
