Simmel Friedrich C
Technical University Munich, Physics Department E14, James-Franck-Strasse D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2007 Dec;2(6):817-30. doi: 10.2217/17435889.2.6.817.
DNA and RNA can be used to construct artificial nanodevices with strong potential for future biomedical applications. DNA nanodevices can function as biosensors, which detect and report the presence of proteins and naturally occurring nucleic acids, such as mRNA or microRNAs. Complex sensors can be realized by supporting DNA devices with DNA-based information processing. Artificial DNA-based reaction networks can be created that amplify molecular signals or evaluate logical functions to report the simultaneous presence of several disease-related molecules. Other applications for DNA nanodevices are found in controlled release and drug delivery. DNA can be used to build nanocontainers for drugs or switchable hydrogels, which can trap and release compounds. For in vivo applications of DNA nanodevices, techniques for efficient packaging and delivery have been developed and the first examples of intracellular RNA-based nanodevices have already been demonstrated.
DNA和RNA可用于构建具有强大潜力的人工纳米器件，以用于未来的生物医学应用。DNA纳米器件可作为生物传感器，用于检测和报告蛋白质以及天然存在的核酸（如mRNA或微小RNA）的存在。通过基于DNA的信息处理来支持DNA器件，可实现复杂的传感器。可以创建基于人工DNA的反应网络，用于放大分子信号或评估逻辑功能，以报告几种与疾病相关分子的同时存在。DNA纳米器件的其他应用还体现在控释和药物递送方面。DNA可用于构建药物纳米容器或可切换水凝胶，用于捕获和释放化合物。对于DNA纳米器件的体内应用，已经开发出了高效的包装和递送技术，并且基于细胞内RNA的纳米器件的首个实例已经得到了证明。
