Birkenfeld G
Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, Regensburg, Germany.
Internist (Berl). 2007 Dec;48(12):1358-64. doi: 10.1007/s00108-007-1985-8.
Along with the dizzying rise in the world's population and economic globalization, travel activity has also increased. Travelers' diarrhea, caused by changed sanitary conditions, has a very different pathogenic spectrum and clinical course from those of our native forms of infectious enterocolitis. Awareness of the warning signs of complications in the clinical course and of the differential diagnoses is therefore a prerequisite for rational therapy. This covers oral rehydration, motility inhibitors, adsorbents, antisecretory agents, probiotics, and last but not least the use of antibiotics, which make an essential contribution if correctly used. There are interesting developments in the form of nonabsorbable antibiotics and new antisecretory agents, which inhibit protein synthesis and enzymes and are increasingly used as antidiarrheal agents with few side effects. In the combination of various therapeutic options in travelers' diarrhea there is still much scope for research. The priority is the correct implementation of the options available today, in order to avoid, as far as possible, therapeutic setbacks and the development of resistance.
随着世界人口的急剧增长和经济全球化，旅行活动也有所增加。因卫生条件改变而引发的旅行者腹泻，其致病谱和临床病程与我们本土形式的感染性肠炎截然不同。因此，了解临床病程中并发症的警示信号以及鉴别诊断是合理治疗的前提。这包括口服补液、动力抑制剂、吸附剂、抗分泌剂、益生菌，最后但同样重要的是抗生素的使用，若正确使用，抗生素能发挥重要作用。不可吸收抗生素和新型抗分泌剂有了有趣的发展，它们抑制蛋白质合成和酶，越来越多地被用作副作用较少的止泻剂。在旅行者腹泻的各种治疗选择组合方面，仍有很大的研究空间。当务之急是正确实施现有的治疗方案，以尽可能避免治疗挫折和耐药性的产生。
