Friedrich G, Leber D, Weigend M
Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Universität Freiburg/Br.
Beitr Gerichtl Med. 1991;49:325-31.
Urine samples of 120 heroin-addicted probands who had to take part in urinanalysis tests were analysed during a 26 months' period. Up to 7 substances (morphine/diamorphie, codeine, cocain, LSD, cannabinoides, barbiturates and amphetamines) were tested. The results were compared to the results of a group of 177 cannabies-smokers. The purpose of this study was to find out in how far urinanalysis tests can change drug-consuming behaviour. More than 80% of the cannabis-smokers showed evidently a decrease of THC-positive urine samples at the end of the investigation period. Only about 13% had positive samples during the whole period. 12 out of 120 heroin-addicted probands (= 10%) had morphine-positive urine samples at the beginning of investigations. For 104 out of 1423 tested samples (46 probands) an unmistakable distinction between morphine/diamorphine- or codeine-intake was not possible because the concentrations found were too low. About 20% of the samples indicated a shift to a substitutional used drug like codeine. Further more a slightly significant increase of cannabis-intake was to be observed.
在26个月的时间里,对120名必须参加尿液分析检测的海洛因成瘾者的尿液样本进行了分析。检测了多达7种物质(吗啡/二乙酰吗啡、可待因、可卡因、麦角酸二乙胺、大麻素、巴比妥类药物和苯丙胺)。将结果与一组177名吸食大麻者的结果进行了比较。本研究的目的是了解尿液分析检测在多大程度上可以改变吸毒行为。超过80%的吸食大麻者在调查期结束时明显显示出四氢大麻酚阳性尿液样本减少。整个期间只有约13%的人有阳性样本。120名海洛因成瘾者中有12名(=10%)在调查开始时尿液样本吗啡呈阳性。在1423个检测样本中的104个(46名受试者)中,由于发现的浓度过低,无法明确区分吗啡/二乙酰吗啡或可待因的摄入情况。约20%的样本表明转向使用替代药物如可待因。此外,还观察到大麻摄入量略有显著增加。