Brown H R, Monticello T M, Maronpot R R, Randall H W, Hotchkiss J R, Morgan K T
Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
Toxicol Pathol. 1991;19(4 Pt 1):358-72. doi: 10.1177/0192623391019004-105.
Proliferative lesions in the rodent nasal cavity are reviewed; attempt was made to compare species affected, sex differences, strain differences, route of administration and tumor types occurring both spontaneously and after induction by different chemicals. This review is not meant to be all inclusive but to be representative of observed trends. Our general conclusions in this paper are that: 1) spontaneous nasal tumors in rodents are very rare; 2) spontaneous nasal tumors in rats are most often squamous cell tumors, whereas hemangiomas or respiratory adenomas predominate in mice and squamous cell tumors are rare; 3) rats are usually more susceptible to the induction of epithelial tumors of the nasal cavity than mice; 4) chemically-induced hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas of the nasal cavity have only been reported in mice; 5) tumors of the olfactory epithelium are almost uniformly malignant and invasive, while nonsquamous tumors of the respiratory epithelium are typically less invasive; 6) chemically-induced tumors of the olfactory region, either mesenchymal or epithelial, do not always require an inhalation route of exposure but may occur by systemic targeting of this region; and 7) chemicals inducing tumors in the olfactory region often produce a variety of tumor morphologies in this location as well as squamous and polypoid tumors of the transitional region. More work will be needed to illucidate the mechanisms of nasal carcinogenesis and to further refine the current tumor classification system.
本文综述了啮齿动物鼻腔的增殖性病变；试图比较受影响的物种、性别差异、品系差异、给药途径以及自发出现的和经不同化学物质诱导后出现的肿瘤类型。本综述并非包罗万象，而是旨在代表观察到的趋势。我们在本文中的总体结论是：1）啮齿动物的自发性鼻腔肿瘤非常罕见；2）大鼠的自发性鼻腔肿瘤最常见的是鳞状细胞肿瘤，而小鼠中血管瘤或呼吸腺瘤占主导，鳞状细胞肿瘤罕见；3）大鼠通常比小鼠更容易诱发鼻腔上皮肿瘤；4）化学诱导的鼻腔血管瘤和血管肉瘤仅在小鼠中有报道；5）嗅觉上皮肿瘤几乎均为恶性且具有侵袭性，而呼吸上皮的非鳞状肿瘤通常侵袭性较小；6）化学诱导的嗅觉区域肿瘤，无论是间叶性还是上皮性，并不总是需要吸入暴露途径，也可能通过该区域的全身靶向作用而发生；7）在嗅觉区域诱发肿瘤的化学物质通常会在该部位产生多种肿瘤形态，以及过渡区域的鳞状和息肉样肿瘤。需要开展更多工作来阐明鼻腔致癌机制，并进一步完善当前的肿瘤分类系统。
