Gill Navkiran, Davies Elizabeth J, Ashkar Ali A
Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Am J Reprod Immunol. 2008 Jan;59(1):35-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2007.00558.x.
Control of virus replication initially depends on rapid activation of the innate immune responses. Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands are potent inducers of innate immunity against viral infections, including herpes simplex virus (HSV). HSV-2 is currently one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in developed nations and is becoming more prevalent in adolescents. HSV-2 infects the genital mucosa and is associated with an increased risk of obtaining other sexually transmitted infections such as HIV. There is currently no vaccine available against HSV-2. In the last several years, there has been an interest in utilizing Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands to initiate innate immune responses in order to provide an early line of defence against viral replication. This review highlights recent studies investigating the effect of various TLR ligands on genital HSV-2 infection. A considerable body of information has been published on the effect of local delivery of TLR ligands on HSV-2 replication in genital mucosa. We have outlined ligands that have a potential to provide protection against HSV-2 infection. In addition, we have presented possible mechanisms by which the local delivery of TLR ligands provides innate protection against genital HSV-2.
病毒复制的控制最初依赖于先天免疫反应的快速激活。Toll样受体（TLR）配体是针对包括单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）在内的病毒感染的先天免疫的有效诱导剂。HSV-2是目前发达国家最常见的性传播感染之一，并且在青少年中越来越普遍。HSV-2感染生殖器黏膜，并与感染其他性传播感染（如HIV）的风险增加有关。目前尚无针对HSV-2的疫苗。在过去几年中，人们对利用Toll样受体（TLR）配体引发先天免疫反应以提供针对病毒复制的早期防线产生了兴趣。这篇综述重点介绍了最近研究各种TLR配体对生殖器HSV-2感染影响的研究。关于局部递送TLR配体对生殖器黏膜中HSV-2复制的影响，已经发表了大量信息。我们概述了有可能提供针对HSV-2感染保护作用的配体。此外，我们还介绍了局部递送TLR配体针对生殖器HSV-2提供先天保护的可能机制。
